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Ecological opportunity enabled invertebrate radiations in ancient Lake Ohrid
Journal of Great Lakes Research ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2020.06.012
Björn Stelbrink , Thomas Wilke , Christian Albrecht

Abstract Ancient Lake Ohrid is the oldest and biologically most diverse freshwater lake in Europe. The recent deep-drilling campaign SCOPSCO provided detailed insights into the lake’s limnological history over the past 1.36 my. However, it remains unclear what factors triggered the onset of radiations and whether diversification rates remained constant throughout their evolution. We therefore inferred time-calibrated molecular phylogenies for eight invertebrate groups endemic to Lake Ohrid and performed diversification-rate analyses for the four most species-rich groups. The molecular-clock analyses indicate that few groups possibly originated in springs or rivers in the ‘proto-Balkans’ during the pre-lake phase. The onset of all other radiations, however, can be correlated to one of the three limnological phases in the Ohrid Graben and in Lake Ohrid since 1.9 mya. We therefore assume that the onset of radiations was triggered by an increased ecological opportunity arising from massive environmental changes in the course of the lake deepening. The diversification-rate analyses further indicate that the groups examined diversified with a constant rate. Although the reconstruction of the early evolutionary history of these groups remains challenging, our data suggest that the relatively stable conditions in Lake Ohrid together with its high buffer capacity likely prevented significant changes in diversification rates over time.

中文翻译:

生态机遇使古奥赫里德湖的无脊椎动物辐射成为可能

摘要 古奥赫里德湖是欧洲最古老、生物多样性最丰富的淡水湖。最近的深钻活动 SCOPSCO 提供了对过去 1.36 my 湖泊湖沼历史的详细见解。然而,目前尚不清楚是什么因素引发了辐射,以及多样化率在整个演化过程中是否保持不变。因此,我们推断了奥赫里德湖特有的八个无脊椎动物群的时间校准分子系统发育,并对四个物种最丰富的群进行了多样化率分析。分子钟分析表明,在湖前阶段,很少有群体可能起源于“原始巴尔干地区”的泉水或河流。然而,所有其他辐射的开始 可以与自 1.9 mya 以来奥赫里德地堑和奥赫里德湖的三个湖沼相之一相关。因此,我们假设辐射的开始是由湖泊加深过程中大规模环境变化引起的生态机会增加引起的。多样化率分析进一步表明,受检组以恒定速率进行多样化。尽管重建这些群体的早期进化历史仍然具有挑战性,但我们的数据表明,奥赫里德湖相对稳定的条件及其高缓冲能力可能阻止了多样化率随时间的显着变化。因此,我们假设辐射的开始是由湖泊加深过程中大规模环境变化引起的生态机会增加引起的。多样化率分析进一步表明,受检组以恒定速率进行多样化。尽管重建这些群体的早期进化历史仍然具有挑战性,但我们的数据表明,奥赫里德湖相对稳定的条件及其高缓冲能力可能阻止了多样化率随时间的显着变化。因此,我们假设辐射的开始是由湖泊加深过程中大规模环境变化引起的生态机会增加引起的。多样化率分析进一步表明,受检组以恒定速率进行多样化。尽管重建这些群体的早期进化历史仍然具有挑战性,但我们的数据表明,奥赫里德湖相对稳定的条件及其高缓冲能力可能阻止了多样化率随时间的显着变化。
更新日期:2020-10-01
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