Abstract Background Musical hallucinations (MH), also known as auditory Charles Bonnet Syndrome, are auditory phenomena in which individuals “hear” music without an external stimulus. The music may be verbal or nonverbal, and is usually culture-bound and familiar. MH differ from auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) in etiologies, patient insight, accompanying symptoms, and neurobiology. The purpose of this case report is to present and discuss the complicated clinical case of a lung transplant recipient with multiple medical and psychiatric comorbidities who developed MH. Methods The case presentation discusses the numerous variables that could contribute to the patient’s MH; similarly, her complex workup and treatment are reviewed. Existing scientific MH literature is explored through the case. Topics reviewed include 1) neurobiology of hearing and music processing, 2) MH pathophysiology including neurotransmitters and central nervous system structures, 3) data on iatrogenic, otologic, neurologic, and psychiatric diseases correlated with MH, 4) MH work up, and 5) the evidence behind different interventions to treat MH. Results A multifaceted approach was utilized to assess and treat the patient. Cessation of iatrogenic contributors had transient benefit. After obtaining imaging, laboratory, and auditory studies, initiation of an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, consistent use of hearing aids, and depression treatment led to sustained symptom improvement Conclusion MH are due to complex interplay between peripheral auditory structures, central neurocircuitry and neurotransmitters connecting auditory cortices, memory, and emotional processing. A multidisciplinary approach to these patients provides better understanding and symptom management

中文翻译：

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音乐记忆：肺移植受者的音乐幻觉。病例报告和文献回顾

摘要背景音乐幻觉 (MH)，也称为听觉查尔斯邦内综合症，是一种听觉现象，其中个体在没有外部刺激的情况下“听到”音乐。音乐可以是语言的或非语言的，通常是受文化约束和熟悉的。MH 在病因、患者洞察力、伴随症状和神经生物学方面与听觉幻听 (AVH) 不同。本病例报告的目的是介绍和讨论发生 MH 的具有多种医学和精神共病的肺移植受者的复杂临床病例。方法 病例介绍讨论了可能导致患者 MH 的众多变量；同样，对她复杂的检查和治疗进行了审查。通过案例探讨了现有的科学 MH 文献。回顾的主题包括 1) 听觉和音乐处理的神经生物学，2) MH 病理生理学，包括神经递质和中枢神经系统结构，3) 与 MH 相关的医源性、耳科、神经系统和精神疾病的数据，4) MH 工作，以及 5)治疗 MH 的不同干预措施背后的证据。结果 采用多方面的方法来评估和治疗患者。医源性因素的停止有短暂的好处。在获得影像学、实验室和听觉研究后，开始使用乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂、持续使用助听器和抑郁症治疗导致症状持续改善 结论 MH 是由于外周听觉结构、中枢神经回路和连接听觉皮层的神经递质之间复杂的相互作用，记忆，和情绪处理。对这些患者的多学科方法可提供更好的理解和症状管理