High-energy photons are a powerful tool to understand the most violent phenomena in our Universe. However, detecting gamma-ray photons is a daunting task both owing to the overwhelming presence of cosmic rays and to the opacity of our atmosphere. Thus, direct detection of gamma-ray photons must be done in space, while instruments on the ground can see very high-energy photons through the secondary particles they produce in the atmosphere. Mastering space instruments as well as ground-based ones required decades of relentless efforts implying hardware and software developments as well as theoretical studies and extensive simulations. Space instruments, as well as ground-based ones, are now producing a steady flow of important results often in conjunction with observatories working at different wavelengths. Multi-messenger astronomy, which combines the electromagnetic channel with gravitational waves and neutrinos, is the newly born discipline to which high-energy gamma-ray detectors provide an essential contribution. Building instruments to continuously cover the gamma-ray sky is, thus, a priority for the astronomical community which is looking forward for the Cherenkov Telescope Array, a new generation ground based gamma-ray observatory designed to monitor, to study and to unveil the mysteries hidden in the very high energy sky.

中文翻译：

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高能伽玛射线天文学的黄金时代：多信使时代的切伦科夫望远镜阵列

高能光子是了解我们宇宙中最剧烈现象的有力工具。然而，由于宇宙射线的大量存在以及我们大气的不透明性，检测伽马射线光子是一项艰巨的任务。因此，必须在太空中直接检测伽马射线光子，而地面上的仪器可以看到非常高能量的光子通过它们在大气中产生的次级粒子。精通太空仪器和地面仪器需要数十年的不懈努力，这意味着硬件和软件的开发以及理论研究和广泛的模拟。如今，空间仪器以及地面仪器，经常与工作在不同波长的天文台一起，产生稳定的重要结果流。结合电磁通道，引力波和中微子的多信使天文学是高能伽马射线探测器提供重要贡献的新兴学科。因此，建造能够连续覆盖伽马射线天空的仪器是天文学界的优先事项，而天文学界则期待切伦科夫望远镜阵列，