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The carbon footprint of the carbon feedstock CO2
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-24 , DOI: 10.1039/d0ee01530j Leonard Jan Müller 1, 2, 3, 4 , Arne Kätelhön 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Stefan Bringezu 4, 6, 7, 8 , Sean McCoy 9, 10, 11, 12 , Sangwon Suh 13, 14, 15, 16 , Robert Edwards 17, 18, 19 , Volker Sick 16, 20, 21, 22 , Simon Kaiser 4, 6, 7, 8 , Rosa Cuéllar-Franca 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 , Aïcha El Khamlichi 28, 29, 30, 31 , Jay H. Lee 32, 33, 34, 35 , Niklas von der Assen 1, 2, 3, 4 , André Bardow 1, 2, 3, 4, 36
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-24 , DOI: 10.1039/d0ee01530j Leonard Jan Müller 1, 2, 3, 4 , Arne Kätelhön 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Stefan Bringezu 4, 6, 7, 8 , Sean McCoy 9, 10, 11, 12 , Sangwon Suh 13, 14, 15, 16 , Robert Edwards 17, 18, 19 , Volker Sick 16, 20, 21, 22 , Simon Kaiser 4, 6, 7, 8 , Rosa Cuéllar-Franca 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 , Aïcha El Khamlichi 28, 29, 30, 31 , Jay H. Lee 32, 33, 34, 35 , Niklas von der Assen 1, 2, 3, 4 , André Bardow 1, 2, 3, 4, 36
Affiliation
Capturing and utilizing CO2 as carbon feedstock for chemicals, fuels, or polymers is frequently discussed to replace fossil carbon and thereby help mitigate climate change. Emission reductions by Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) depend strongly on the choice of the CO2 source because CO2 sources differ in CO2 concentration and the resulting energy demand for capture. From a climate-change perspective, CO2 should be captured at the CO2 source with the lowest CO2 emissions from capture. However, reported carbon footprints differ widely for CO2 captured, from strongly negative to strongly positive for the same source. The differences are due to methodological ambiguity in the treatment of multifunctionality in current assessment practice. This paper reviews methodological approaches for determining the carbon footprint of captured CO2 as carbon feedstock, and shows why some approaches lead to suboptimal choices of CO2 sources and that increased consistency in life cycle assessment (LCA) studies on CCU is needed. Based on strict application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) standards and guidelines, it is shown that substitution should be applied to avoid suboptimal choices of CO2 sources. The resulting methodological recommendations are applied to estimate the carbon footprint of feedstock CO2 for current CO2 sources in Europe and for future CO2 sources in a scenario for a low carbon economy. For all CO2 sources, the cradle-to-gate footprint of captured CO2 is negative ranging from −0.95 to −0.59 kg CO2 eq. per kg of feedstock CO2 today and from −0.99 to −0.98 kg CO2 eq. in a low carbon economy. The carbon footprints of different CO2 sources differ mainly due to their energy demands. The presented assessment method and the carbon footprints of the CO2 feedstocks CO2 provide the basis for future assessments of carbon capture and utilization processes.
中文翻译:
碳原料CO2的碳足迹
经常讨论捕获和利用CO 2作为化学品,燃料或聚合物的碳原料来替代化石碳,从而帮助缓解气候变化。碳捕获和利用(CCU)的减排量在很大程度上取决于CO 2来源的选择,因为CO 2来源的CO 2浓度和所产生的捕获能量需求不同。从气候变化的角度来看,CO 2应该在CO被捕获2源具有最低CO 2从捕获排放。但是,据报道,CO 2的碳足迹差异很大捕获,从同一来源的强烈否定到强烈积极。差异是由于当前评估实践中在处理多功能性时方法上的歧义所致。本文回顾了确定作为碳原料捕获的CO 2的碳足迹的方法学方法,并说明了为什么某些方法导致对CO 2来源的选择不够理想,以及在CCU的生命周期评估(LCA)研究中需要提高一致性。根据生命周期评估(LCA)标准和准则的严格应用,已表明应采用替代方法以避免对CO 2来源的选择不理想。由此产生的方法学建议可用于估算原料CO的碳足迹2当前的CO 2在欧洲和未来的CO源2源的情况下的低碳经济。对于所有CO 2源,捕获的CO 2的从摇篮到大门的足迹范围为-0.95至-0.59 kg CO 2当量,为负值。每公斤原料的CO 2今天和从-0.99到-0.98公斤CO 2当量。在低碳经济中。不同的CO 2来源的碳足迹主要是由于其能源需求而不同。提出的评估方法和CO 2原料CO 2的碳足迹为将来评估碳捕获和利用过程提供了基础。
更新日期:2020-09-16
中文翻译:
碳原料CO2的碳足迹
经常讨论捕获和利用CO 2作为化学品,燃料或聚合物的碳原料来替代化石碳,从而帮助缓解气候变化。碳捕获和利用(CCU)的减排量在很大程度上取决于CO 2来源的选择,因为CO 2来源的CO 2浓度和所产生的捕获能量需求不同。从气候变化的角度来看,CO 2应该在CO被捕获2源具有最低CO 2从捕获排放。但是,据报道,CO 2的碳足迹差异很大捕获,从同一来源的强烈否定到强烈积极。差异是由于当前评估实践中在处理多功能性时方法上的歧义所致。本文回顾了确定作为碳原料捕获的CO 2的碳足迹的方法学方法,并说明了为什么某些方法导致对CO 2来源的选择不够理想,以及在CCU的生命周期评估(LCA)研究中需要提高一致性。根据生命周期评估(LCA)标准和准则的严格应用,已表明应采用替代方法以避免对CO 2来源的选择不理想。由此产生的方法学建议可用于估算原料CO的碳足迹2当前的CO 2在欧洲和未来的CO源2源的情况下的低碳经济。对于所有CO 2源,捕获的CO 2的从摇篮到大门的足迹范围为-0.95至-0.59 kg CO 2当量,为负值。每公斤原料的CO 2今天和从-0.99到-0.98公斤CO 2当量。在低碳经济中。不同的CO 2来源的碳足迹主要是由于其能源需求而不同。提出的评估方法和CO 2原料CO 2的碳足迹为将来评估碳捕获和利用过程提供了基础。