Abstract

Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carriere) J. Houzeau) is a rapidly growing grass of industrial and ecological importance. However, the molecular mechanisms of its remarkable growth are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the early-stage growth of moso bamboo shoots and defined three different growth stages based on histological and biochemical analyses, namely, starting of cell division (SD), rapid division (RD) and rapid elongation (RE). Further analyses on potentially relevant cellular pathways in these growth stages using multi-omics approaches such as transcriptomics and proteomics revealed the involvement of multiple cellular pathways, including DNA replication, repair and ribosome biogenesis. A total of 8045 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1053 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in our analyses. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses of detected DEGs identified several key biological pathways such as phytohormone metabolism, signal transduction, cell wall development and carbohydrate metabolism. The comparative analysis of proteins displayed that a total of 213 DEPs corresponded with DEGs and 3 significant expression profiles that could be promoting the fast growth of bamboo internodes. Moreover, protein–protein interaction network prediction analysis is suggestive of the involvement of five major proteins of signal transduction, DNA synthesis and RNA transcription, and may act as key elements responsible for the rapid shoot growth. Our work exploits multi-omics and bioinformatic approaches to unfurl the complexity of molecular networks involved in the rapid growth of moso bamboo and opens up questions related to the interactions between the functions played by individual molecular pathway.

中文翻译：

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毛竹不同快速生长阶段涉及的细胞途径的多组学分析。

摘要

毛竹（Phyllostachys edulis（Carriere）J。Houzeau）是具有工业和生态重要性的快速增长的草。然而，对其显着生长的分子机制还没有很好的了解。在这项研究中，我们调查了毛竹笋的早期生长，并根据组织学和生化分析确定了三个不同的生长阶段，即细胞分裂的开始（SD），快速分裂（RD）和快速伸长（RE）。使用多组学方法（如转录组学和蛋白质组学）对这些生长阶段中潜在相关细胞途径的进一步分析揭示了多种细胞途径的参与，包括DNA复制，修复和核糖体生物发生。在我们的分析中，总共鉴定出8045个差异表达基因（DEG）和1053个差异表达蛋白（DEP）。基因本体论和《京都议定书》的基因和基因组百科全书对检测到的DEG进行富集分析，确定了几种关键的生物途径，例如植物激素代谢，信号转导，细胞壁发育和碳水化合物代谢。蛋白质的比较分析表明，共有213个DEP对应于DEGs和3个重要的表达谱，可能促进了竹节间的快速生长。此外，蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络的预测分析表明信号转导，DNA合成和RNA转录这五个主要蛋白质的参与，并且可能是导致芽快速生长的关键因素。