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Editorial
Advances in Applied Ceramics ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-23 , DOI: 10.1080/17436753.2020.1783755
James Zhijian Shen 1
Affiliation  

Since it was initiated in March 2011, in Stockholm, Sweden, the International Workshop on Advanced Ceramics and Technologies for Dentistry (ACT4D) has been held regularly, each time ended up a volume of publication as special issue either of Journal of the European Ceramic Society or of the Advance in Applied Ceramics. The articles included in this special issue were selected from those works presented and discussed in ACT4D 2019 held on the 17–19th of March, 2019, in Stockholm. The aim of ACT4D has always been to provide a forum for multidisciplinary brainstorm and discussions between ceramists, engineers and clinicians devoted to dentistry with the focus on challenges encountered by the current and the emerging technologies, as well as future concepts going beyond the state of the art. A characteristic routine has been established to seek the works related to (i) the developing and customised manufacturing of novel advanced ceramics with improved performances, (ii) the fundamental understanding of the interactions between ceramics (on the micro-to-nanoscale level) and hard-tosoft tissues (on protein and cell level), (iii) the reliability of ceramic parts in relation to their hierarchical microstructures and of the feasibility of fitting the ceramic processes into a full digital clinic approach, and (iv) the advanced technologies enabling the establishment of an ecosystem based on model-free digital workflows. Many materials, including ceramics, metal alloys and polymers, have been adopted for dental applications, among them only very few were originally developed for dental purposes. Zirconia is one typical example that is commonly used today and has the potential to become the dominating ceramic material that perfectly fits for the future digital dentistry, but its initial development was driven by other purposes that have no relevance with dentistry at all. On one side, dentists are a group of practitioners who are brave enough to adopt new materials in their daily practices. On the other side, ceramists hardly treat dentistry as a priority application area of the new ceramic materials they developed, neglecting the fact that artificial teeth are one of the very few manmade products that every individual may need in their lifetime. The workshop ACT4D brought dentists and ceramists together to bridge this knowledge gap and to encourage joint efforts for the development of new advanced ceramics and technologies for dentistry. It would thus attract ceramists to pay more attention to dental practice where what is needed is to imitate the functions, but not necessary the chemistry and structures of natural teeth, and respectively help dentists to understand that the processes for manufacturing and applying ceramics are as, if not even more, crucial as the ceramic materials themselves. The theme of ‘Materializing Digital Solutions for Dentistry’ was particularly emphasised in this 3rd workshop to reveal the timely importance of materials that are, in fact, the materialised technological solutions and cornerstones of modern restorative dentistry in the coming digital era. Seeing a clear tendency for dentistry towards digitalisation and of the expanding applications of advanced ceramics, not only as prostheses but also as implants, this time we emphasised also other advanced technologies besides advanced ceramics. The obviously increased number of topics and the number of articles selected on each topic in this special issue reflect the current status of this filed of both strong fundamental and application interests. The 17 articles selected cover digital net-shape manufacturing of zirconia prostheses both by additive and subtractive principles (3 articles), evaluating the dimensional accuracy (1 article), developing new forming techniques (1 article), characterising the optical properties of zirconia (1 article), developing methods for improving the bonding of zirconia prostheses with natural teeth (1 article), clinical approval of the prostheses made of self-glazed zirconia (5 articles), bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on zirconia (1 article), robotic tooth preparation (1 article) and inorganic dental cements (4 article). It would be impossible to have prepared this special issue ready for publication without the encouragement and practical help of Professor Michael J Reece. He himself handled, as a co-editor-in chief, the reviewing process for quite high portion of the manuscripts. Finally, I would thank all the authors and reviewers once again for your trust and for your efforts in submitting manuscripts and reviewing papers in good time. The workshop was organised jointly by the Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry at Stockholm University and Ceravik AB, and partially sponsored by the JECS Trust.

中文翻译:

社论

自 2011 年 3 月在瑞典斯德哥尔摩启动以来,国际先进陶瓷和牙科技术研讨会(ACT4D)定期举办,每次都以特刊的形式发表在《欧洲陶瓷学会杂志》上或应用陶瓷进展。本期特刊中的文章选自于 2019 年 3 月 17 日至 19 日在斯德哥尔摩举行的 ACT4D 2019 中展示和讨论的作品。ACT4D 的目标一直是为致力于牙科的陶艺家、工程师和临床医生之间的多学科头脑风暴和讨论提供一个论坛,重点关注当前和新兴技术遇到的挑战,以及超越现有技术状态的未来概念。艺术。已经建立了一个特色程序来寻找与(i)具有改进性能的新型先进陶瓷的开发和定制制造,(ii)陶瓷之间相互作用的基本理解(在微纳米级)和硬到软组织(在蛋白质和细胞水平上),(iii) 陶瓷部件与其分层微观结构相关的可靠性以及将陶瓷工艺融入全数字临床方法的可行性,以及 (iv) 先进的技术使建立基于无模型数字工作流程的生态系统。许多材料,包括陶瓷、金属合金和聚合物,已被用于牙科应用,其中只有极少数最初是为牙科目的而开发的。氧化锆是当今常用的一个典型例子,有可能成为完全适合未来数字牙科的主导陶瓷材料,但其最初的发展是由与牙科完全无关的其他目的驱动的。一方面,牙医是一群勇于在日常实践中采用新材料的从业者。另一方面,陶艺家几乎没有将牙科作为他们开发的新型陶瓷材料的优先应用领域,而忽略了一个事实,即人造牙齿是每个人一生中可能需要的极少数人造产品之一。研讨会 ACT4D 将牙医和陶艺家聚集在一起,以弥合这一知识差距,并鼓励共同努力开发新的先进陶瓷和牙科技术。从而吸引陶艺家更多地关注牙科实践,需要的是模仿天然牙齿的功能,而不是模仿天然牙齿的化学和结构,分别帮助牙医了解制造和应用陶瓷的过程,如果不是更多,陶瓷材料本身至关重要。第三届研讨会特别强调了“牙科数字化解决方案的材料化”主题,以揭示材料的及时重要性,这些材料实际上是即将到来的数字化时代现代修复牙科的物化技术解决方案和基石。看到牙科数字化的明显趋势和先进陶瓷的应用不断扩大,不仅作为假肢,而且作为植入物,这次我们也强调了除了先进陶瓷之外的其他先进技术。本期特刊的主题数量和每个主题的入选文章数量明显增加,反映了该领域具有强大的基础和应用兴趣的现状。入选的 17 篇文章涵盖了通过加法和减法原理对氧化锆假体进行数字净成形制造(3 篇文章)、评估尺寸精度(1 篇文章)、开发新的成型技术(1 篇文章)、表征氧化锆的光学特性(1 篇)文章),开发用于改善氧化锆假体与天然牙粘合的方法(1 篇),由自发光氧化锆制成的假体的临床批准(5 篇),氧化锆上的细菌粘附和生物膜形成(1 篇),机器人牙齿制备(1 篇)和无机牙科粘固剂(4 篇)。如果没有 Michael J Reece 教授的鼓励和实际帮助,就不可能将这期特刊准备好出版。他本人作为联合主编,负责了相当大部分稿件的审阅过程。最后,再次感谢所有作者和审稿人的信任,感谢您及时投稿和审稿。该研讨会由斯德哥尔摩大学材料与环境化学系和 Ceravik AB 联合组织,并由 JECS 信托基金部分赞助。如果没有 Michael J Reece 教授的鼓励和实际帮助,就不可能将这期特刊准备好出版。他本人作为联合主编,负责了相当大部分稿件的审阅过程。最后,再次感谢所有作者和审稿人的信任,感谢您及时投稿和审稿。该研讨会由斯德哥尔摩大学材料与环境化学系和 Ceravik AB 联合组织,并由 JECS 信托基金部分赞助。如果没有 Michael J Reece 教授的鼓励和实际帮助,就不可能将这期特刊准备好出版。他本人作为联合主编,负责了相当大部分稿件的审阅过程。最后,再次感谢所有作者和审稿人的信任,感谢您及时投稿和审稿。该研讨会由斯德哥尔摩大学材料与环境化学系和 Ceravik AB 联合组织,并由 JECS 信托基金部分赞助。再次感谢所有作者和审稿人的信任,感谢您及时投稿和审稿。该研讨会由斯德哥尔摩大学材料与环境化学系和 Ceravik AB 联合组织,并由 JECS 信托基金部分赞助。再次感谢所有作者和审稿人的信任,感谢您及时投稿和审稿。该研讨会由斯德哥尔摩大学材料与环境化学系和 Ceravik AB 联合组织,并由 JECS 信托基金部分赞助。
更新日期:2020-07-23
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