In the applied sciences, the ultimate goal is not just to acquire knowledge but to turn knowledge into action. The next wave for data disciplines may be experimental designs and analytical methods for closing the gap between the “real‐world” situations faced by decision‐makers and their idealized representations in optimization problems, and the health sciences are poised to be the discipline where these developments substantially improve lives. We discuss three recent trends in research—experimental designs and analytical methods for precision medicine and pragmatic trials; technological developments in sensors, wearables, and smartphones for measuring health data; and methods addressing algorithmic bias and model interpretability—and argue that these seemingly disparate trends point to a future where data‐driven decision support tools are increasingly used to promote wellbeing.

中文翻译：

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精准健康的未来是数据驱动的决策支持

在应用科学中，最终目标不仅是获取知识，而且是将知识转化为行动。数据学科的下一波浪潮可能是实验设计和分析方法，以弥合决策者面临的“现实世界”情况及其在优化问题中的理想表示形式之间的差距，而健康科学有望成为这些学科的学科。事态发展大大改善了生活。我们讨论了研究的三个最新趋势：精密医学和实用试验的实验设计和分析方法；用于测量健康数据的传感器，可穿戴设备和智能手机的技术发展；