In recent years, significant progress has been made to ensure that process industries are among the safest workplaces in the world. However, with the increasing complexity of existing technologies and new problems brought about by emerging technologies, a strong need still exists to study the fundamentals of process safety and predict possible scenarios. This is attained by conducting the corresponding consequence modeling and risk assessments. As a result of the continuous advancement of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools and exponentially increased computation capabilities along with better understandings of the underlying physics, CFD simulations have been applied widely in the areas of process safety and loss prevention to gain new insights, improve existing models, and assess new hazardous scenarios. In this review, 126 papers from 2010 to 2020 have been included in order to systematically categorize and summarize recent applications of CFD for fires, explosions, dispersions of flammable and toxic materials from accidental releases, incident investigations and reconstructions, and other areas of process safety. The advantages of CFD modeling are discussed and the future of CFD applications in this research area is outlined.

近年来，在确保加工工业成为世界上最安全的工作场所中，已经取得了重大进展。然而，随着现有技术的日益复杂和新兴技术带来的新问题，仍然强烈需要研究过程安全的基础知识并预测可能的情况。这是通过进行相应的后果建模和风险评估来实现的。由于计算流体力学（CFD）工具的不断发展和计算能力的指数级增长以及对基本物理的更好理解，CFD模拟已广泛应用于过程安全和预防损失领域，以获得新的见解，改进现有模型，并评估新的危险情景。在这篇评论中 为了系统归类和总结CFD在火灾，爆炸，意外释放，事件调查和重建以及过程安全的其他领域中的起火，爆炸，易燃和有毒物质的扩散中的应用，从2010年到2020年共纳入126篇论文。讨论了CFD建模的优点，并概述了CFD在该研究领域中的应用前景。