Climate change induced coastline changes and rising sea levels are likely to create vulnerable impacts on ecosystems, infrastructure, and associated populations the world over. The assessment of long term coastline changes in the past, coupled with the expected changes due to rising sea levels in the future, would aid in comprehending the response of the coastal processes to climate change so as to develop management measures. The coastline variations were delineated by multi dated Landsat satellite images of 45 years using spatial analysis and Digital Shoreline Analysis System. Submergence due to projected sea-level elevation of 50 cm and 100 cm was assessed using Shuttle Radar Topography Mission topographical data using geospatial techniques. The results revealed that the major shore is in the process of erosion at varying rates as well as periods. The highest mean erosion was observed at −6.76 m/yr in 89% of the coast between 1973 and 1988. The mean weighted linear regression rate of shoreline change was −2.39 + 7.05 m /yr from 1973 to 2018, the erosion being 83%. Besides, the sea level rise of 0.6 cm/year is expected to submerge 6983 ha of coastal resources, which includes mangroves, agriculture land, salt pans, and aquaculture farms from 82 villages in 2100. The expected inundation is likely to displace 20% of the human population in the region, including about 50,000 fishers. Government policies need to be developed in a people participatory and transparent mode to protect resources as well as livelihoods of the coastal communities.

中文翻译：

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在重要生态沿海地区，土地和人力资源易受气候变化影响

气候变化引起的海岸线变化和海平面上升可能会对全球的生态系统，基础设施和相关人口造成脆弱的影响。评估过去的长期海岸线变化以及未来海平面上升带来的预期变化，将有助于理解沿海过程对气候变化的响应，从而制定管理措施。使用空间分析和数字海岸线分析系统，通过45年的多日期Landsat卫星图像描绘了海岸线变化。使用Shuttle Radar Topography Mission地形数据，使用地理空间技术评估了由于预计的50 cm和100 cm海平面高程而导致的淹没。结果表明，主要海岸正在以不同的速率和周期侵蚀。1973年至1988年之间，在89％的海岸中观测到的平均侵蚀最高，为-6.76 m / yr。海岸线变化的平均加权线性回归率为-2.39  1973年至2018年期间，每年+ 705万，侵蚀率为83％。此外，预计每年海平面上升0.6厘米将淹没6983公顷的沿海资源，其中包括2100年来自82个村庄的红树林，农田，盐田和水产养殖场。预计淹没量将取代20％的海岸。该地区的人口，包括约50,000名渔民。必须以人民参与和透明的方式制定政府政策，以保护沿海社区的资源和生计。