Acerophagus papayae (Encyrtidae: Hymenoptera) is a potential parasitoid successfully used to control papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) on different horticultural crops such as papaya, mulberry, cotton, cassava, citrus, sweet potato, peas, beans, okra, eggplant, guava, Hibiscus Jatropha, Allamanda. However, the parasitic efficiency is mostly affected by prevailing weather parameter in the crop canopy. Understanding the effect of thermal stress on the parasitizing efficiency of natural enemy and the role of antioxidant mechanisms for temperature stress is important for improving efficiency under stressed condition. In this study, we investigated the effect of constant temperatures 25, 28, 30, 32 and 34oC on percent parasitism, developmental periods and adult emergence of A. papayae under laboratory condition. Increase in temperature negatively affected the performance of A. papayae in terms of developmental duration, parasitism efficiency and adult emergence. Exposure of A. papayae to different temperature led to overall increase in activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidases and glutathione-S-transferases. Our results indicated that thermal tolerance in A. papayae could be mainly associated with changes in activity of antioxidant enzymes in scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under stress.

中文翻译：

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热应激对寄生于 Acerophagus papayae Noyes & Schauff 的 Paracoccus marginatus Williams 和 Granara de Willink 抗氧化防御的影响

Acerophagus papayae (Encyrtidae: Hymenoptera) 是一种潜在的寄生虫，成功地用于控制不同园艺作物如木瓜、桑树、棉花、木薯、柑橘、甘薯、豌豆、豆类、黄豆、豆类等上的木瓜粉蚧（同翅目：Pseudococcidae）。茄子，番石榴，木槿麻风树，阿拉曼达。然而，寄生效率主要受作物冠层中主要天气参数的影响。了解热应激对天敌寄生效率的影响以及抗氧化机制对温度应激的作用对于提高应激条件下的效率很重要。在这项研究中，我们研究了 25、28、30、32 和 34oC 的恒温对实验室条件下木瓜木瓜寄生百分比、发育期和成虫出现的影响。温度升高对木瓜木瓜在发育持续时间、寄生效率和成虫羽化方面的表现产生负面影响。A. papayae 暴露于不同温度导致超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶的活性总体增加。我们的结果表明，木瓜的耐热性可能主要与应激下抗氧化酶清除活性氧 (ROS) 的活性变化有关。