The widespread occurrence of snow-ice formation on the pack ice plays a critical role in the mass balance of Antarctic sea ice. The stable isotope composition, ice texture and salinity of eight ice cores, obtained from the Amundsen Sea during the Oden Southern Ocean 2010/11 expedition from late December 2010 to January 2011, were investigated to illustrate the snow-ice growth process and its contribution to sea-ice development. Most previous research has utilized δ18O as an index tracer to determine the percentages of core length that contain meteoric water, i.e. snow ice. However, this standard practice of snow-ice identification might be biased due to normally low-resolution isotopic measurements and mixing/diffusion processes between the snow ice and underlying ice layers. Snow-ice contributions in these ice cores based instead on an updated isotope mixing model are also presented. Depth profiles of ice texture and salinity are described to serve as representations of the structures of these ice cores. Our isotope mixing model produced an average of 15.9% snow-ice contribution for pack ice in the Amundsen Sea, and meteoric water occupying 40% of snow-ice mass for all ice stations. These results are compared to previous investigations of snow-ice occurrence around Antarctica.

中文翻译：

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冰雪对南极阿蒙森海海冰结构的贡献

浮冰上广泛形成的雪冰对南极海冰的质量平衡起着至关重要的作用。研究了 2010 年 12 月下旬至 2011 年 1 月奥登南大洋探险期间从阿蒙森海获得的八个冰芯的稳定同位素组成、冰质地和盐度，以说明雪冰的生长过程及其对海冰发展。以前的大多数研究都使用了 δ18O 作为指数示踪剂，以确定包含大气水（即雪冰）的核心长度百分比。然而，由于通常低分辨率的同位素测量以及雪冰和下面的冰层之间的混合/扩散过程，这种雪冰识别的标准做法可能存在偏差。还介绍了这些冰芯中的雪冰贡献，而不是基于更新的同位素混合模型。冰质地和盐度的深度剖面被描述为这些冰芯结构的代表。我们的同位素混合模型对阿蒙森海的浮冰产生了平均 15.9% 的雪冰贡献，而大气水占所有冰站雪冰质量的 40%。这些结果与之前对南极洲周围冰雪发生的调查进行了比较。