The discovery of the quantum Hall effect (QHE) marked a turning point in condensed-matter physics. The measurement of the Hall resistance showed that electronic resistance could be defined precisely in terms of fundamental constants, even in a disordered and irregular sample. Over the past 40 years, the QHE has inspired new theories and led to experimental discoveries in a range of fields going beyond solid-state electronics to photonics and quantum entanglement. In this Viewpoint, physicists reflect on how the QHE has influenced their research.

中文翻译：

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量子霍尔效应40年

量子霍尔效应（QHE）的发现标志着凝聚态物理的一个转折点。霍尔电阻的测量结果表明，即使在无序和不规则的样品中，也可以根据基本常数精确定义电子电阻。在过去的40年中，QHE激发了新的理论，并导致了从固态电子学到光子学和量子纠缠等一系列领域的实验发现。在这种观点下，物理学家思考了QHE如何影响他们的研究。