Abstract To investigate the effect of foliar application of nano-chelates of iron, zinc, and manganese subjected to different irrigation conditions on physiological traits, and yield of soybean (cultivar M9), a split plot experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications in two crop years (2016–2017). The main plot included four levels of irrigation (I): full irrigation (I 1), irrigation withhold at flowering stage (I 2), irrigation withhold at podding stage (I 3), and irrigation withhold during the grain filling period (I 4). Also, the subplot included eight levels of foliar application with Fe, Zn, Mn, Fe + Zn, Fe + Mn, Zn + Mn, Fe + Zn + Mn nano-chelates, and distilled water (control). The results of combined analysis of variance suggested that the effect of irrigation and foliar application of nano-chelate was significant on all traits. Water deficit stress significantly reduced the grain yield. The minimum numbers of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, 100-seed weight per plant, leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll concentration, total dry weight of plant, and the grain yield were obtained by irrigation withhold at podding stage. Foliar application of combined nano-chelates increased the soybean resistance against water shortage more considerably than the separate consumption of these elements. Under drought stress in podding stage, the application of Fe + Zn led to the highest yield with a mean of 2613.84 kg ha−1 where this increase was 61.1% higher than control.

中文翻译：

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叶面喷施纳米铁、锌、锰螯合物可改善缺水胁迫下的生理指标和大豆产量

摘要 为研究不同灌溉条件下叶面喷施纳米铁、锌和锰螯合物对大豆（品种 M9）生理性状和产量的影响，采用完全随机区组设计进行裂区试验。在两个作物年（2016-2017）中进行了三次重复。主小区包括四级灌溉（I）：全灌（I 1）、花期保留灌溉（I 2）、结荚期保留灌溉（I 3）和灌浆期保留灌溉（I 4 ）。此外，该子图包括八个级别的叶面喷施，包括 Fe、Zn、Mn、Fe + Zn、Fe + Mn、Zn + Mn、Fe + Zn + Mn 纳米螯合物和蒸馏水（对照）。综合方差分析结果表明，灌水和叶面喷施纳米螯合物对各性状的影响均显着。缺水胁迫显着降低了谷物产量。最低单株荚数、单株粒数、单株百粒重、叶面积指数、叶叶绿素浓度、植株总干重和籽粒产量通过结荚期节水灌溉得到。与单独使用这些元素相比，叶面喷施复合纳米螯合物更能显着提高大豆对缺水的抵抗力。在结荚期干旱胁迫下，施用铁+锌的产量最高，平均为2613.84 kg ha-1，比对照高61.1%。缺水胁迫显着降低了谷物产量。最低单株荚数、单株粒数、单株百粒重、叶面积指数、叶叶绿素浓度、植株总干重和籽粒产量通过结荚期节水灌溉得到。与单独使用这些元素相比，叶面喷施复合纳米螯合物更能显着提高大豆对缺水的抵抗力。在结荚期干旱胁迫下，施用铁+锌的产量最高，平均为2613.84 kg ha-1，比对照高61.1%。缺水胁迫显着降低了谷物产量。最低单株荚数、单株粒数、单株百粒重、叶面积指数、叶叶绿素浓度、植株总干重和籽粒产量通过结荚期节水灌溉得到。与单独使用这些元素相比，叶面喷施复合纳米螯合物更能显着提高大豆对缺水的抵抗力。在结荚期干旱胁迫下，施用铁+锌的产量最高，平均为2613.84 kg ha-1，比对照高61.1%。籽粒产量通过结荚期节水灌溉获得。与单独使用这些元素相比，叶面喷施复合纳米螯合物更能显着提高大豆对缺水的抵抗力。在结荚期干旱胁迫下，施用铁+锌的产量最高，平均为2613.84 kg ha-1，比对照高61.1%。籽粒产量通过结荚期节水灌溉获得。与单独使用这些元素相比，叶面喷施复合纳米螯合物更能显着提高大豆对缺水的抵抗力。在结荚期干旱胁迫下，施用铁+锌的产量最高，平均为2613.84 kg ha-1，比对照高61.1%。