In this study, we demonstrate that a uniform coating of hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂) can be electrochemically deposited onto metallic 3D-woven bone scaffolds to enhance their bioactivity. The HAp coatings were deposited onto metallic scaffolds using an electrolyte containing Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O, NH₄H₂PO₄, and NaNO₃. The deposition potential was varied to maximize the uniformity and adhesion of the coating. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), we found crystallized HAp on the 3D-woven lattice under all deposition potentials, while the −1.5 V mercury sulfate reference electrode potential provided the best local uniformity with a satisfactory deposition rate. The coatings generated under this optimized condition were approximately 5 µm thick and uniform throughout the internal and external sections of the woven lattice. We seeded and cultured both coated and uncoated scaffolds with human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) for 12 h and 4 days. We observed that the HAp coating increased the initial cell seeding efficiency by approximately 20%. Furthermore, after 4 days of culture, ASCs cultured on HAp-coated stainless-steel scaffolds increased by 32% compared to only 17% on the uncoated scaffold. Together, these results suggest that the HAp coating improves cellular adhesion.

中文翻译：

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在金属3D编织生物支架上电沉积羟基磷灰石

在这项研究中，我们证明羟基磷灰石（HAp，Ca ₁₀（PO ₄）₆（OH）₂）的均匀涂层可以电化学沉积到金属3D编织骨支架上以增强其生物活性。使用包含Ca（NO ₃）₂ ·4H ₂ O，NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄和NaNO ₃的电解质将HAp涂层沉积到金属支架上。改变沉积电位以使涂层的均匀性和粘附性最大化。使用X射线衍射（XRD），拉曼光谱和能量色散光谱（EDS），我们发现在3D编织晶格上所有沉积电势下都有结晶的HAp，而-1.5 V硫酸汞参比电极电势最佳。均匀性和令人满意的沉积速率。在这种优化条件下产生的涂层厚度约为5 µm，并且在整个编织格子的内部和外部均一。我们用人类脂肪来源的基质/干细胞（ASC）播种并培养了包被和未包被的支架12 h和4天。我们观察到，HAp涂层将初始细胞接种效率提高了约20％。此外，经过4天的培养，在HAp涂层的不锈钢支架上培养的ASC增加了32％，而未涂层的支架上仅增加了17％。总之，这些结果表明，HAp涂层改善了细胞粘附。