The immunostimulatory potential of the marine yeast Yarrowia lipolytica (D1 and N6 strains) administered orally was evaluated in the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Yeasts and commercial glucans were mixed with a commercial feed to formulate diets with a 1.1% concentration of immunostimulants. The shrimp were fed daily for a period of 21 days. Weekly determinations were performed for immunological parameters in hemolymph, such as total hemocyte count (THC), lysozyme activity (LYZ), prophenoloxidase activity, antioxidant enzymatic activities (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], and peroxidases), and bactericidal activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Expression profiles of penaeidin (PEN), lysozyme (LYZ), and prophenoloxidase (proPO) immune genes were evaluated in hemocytes. In general, an increase in the immune parameters was observed in shrimp fed yeast diet compared to glucan and the control diets. Yarrowia lipolytica, especially strain N6, provided maximum immunostimulatory effects evidenced by the increase of immune parameters (THC, LYZ, SOD, CAT) and gene expression profile. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that Y. lipolytica had immunostimulatory effects and increased bactericidal activity in hemocytes against V. parahaemolyticus in L. vannamei. These findings open the path for the potential application of Y. lipolytica-based immunostimulant for shrimp aquaculture.

在白色虾对虾凡纳滨对虾中评估了口服海洋酵母解脂耶氏酵母（D1和N6株）的免疫刺激潜力。将酵母和商业葡聚糖与商业饲料混合，以配制浓度为1.1％的免疫刺激剂的日粮。每天喂虾21天。每周测定血淋巴中的免疫学参数，例如总血细胞计数（THC），溶菌酶活性（LYZ），酚氧化酶活性，抗氧化剂酶活性（超氧化物歧化酶[SOD]，过氧化氢酶[CAT]和过氧化物酶）和杀菌活性针对副溶血性弧菌。在血细胞中评估了Penaeidin（PEN），溶菌酶（LYZ）和prophenoloxidase（proPO）免疫基因的表达谱。通常，与葡聚糖和对照日粮相比，在虾饲喂的酵母日粮中观察到免疫参数增加。解脂耶氏酵母，尤其是菌株N6，提供了最大的免疫刺激作用，其免疫参数（THC，LYZ，SOD，CAT）和基因表达谱的增加证明了这一点。总之，这项研究表明，解脂耶有免疫作用，在打击增加血细胞的杀菌活性副溶血性弧菌在南美白对虾。这些发现为解脂耶氏酵母的潜在应用开辟了道路。虾养殖用的基于免疫的刺激剂。