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Functional segregation and integration within the human subthalamic nucleus from a micro- and meso-level perspective.
Cortex ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-23 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.07.004
Bernadette C M van Wijk 1 , Anneke Alkemade 1 , Birte U Forstmann 1
Affiliation  

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a core basal ganglia structure involved in the control of motor, cognitive, motivational and affective functions. The (challenged) tripartite subdivision hypothesis places these functions into distinct sensorimotor, cognitive/associative, and limbic subregions based on the topography of cortical projections. To a large extent, this hypothesis is used to motivate the choice of target coordinates for implantation of deep brain stimulation electrodes for treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Yet, the parallel organization of basal ganglia circuits has been known to allow considerable cross-talk, which might contribute to the occurrence of neuropsychiatric side effects when stimulating the dorsolateral, putative sensorimotor, part of the STN for treatment of Parkinson's disease. Any functional segregation within the STN is expected to be reflected both at micro-level microscopy and meso-level neural population activity. As such, we review the current empirical evidence from anterograde tracing and immunocytochemistry studies and from local field potential recordings for delineating the STN into distinct subregions. The spatial distribution of immunoreactivity presents as a combination of gradients, and although neural activity in distinct frequency bands appears spatially clustered, there is substantial overlap in peak locations. We argue that regional specialization without sharply defined borders is likely most representative of the STN's functional organization.



中文翻译:

从微观和中观角度看,人丘脑底核内的功能分离和整合。

丘脑下核(STN)是核心的基底神经节结构,参与控制运动,认知,动机和情感功能。(具有挑战性的)三方细分假设根据皮质投影的地形,将这些功能划分为不同的感觉运动,认知/联想和边缘区域。在很大程度上,此假设用于激励目标坐标的选择,以植入用于治疗神经系统疾病和精神疾病的深部脑刺激电极。然而,众所周知,基底神经节回路的平行组织允许大量的串扰,当刺激背外侧假定的感觉运动(STN的一部分,用于治疗帕金森氏病)时,可能会引起神经精神方面的副作用。预计STN内的任何功能分离都将在微观显微镜和中观神经种群活动中反映出来。因此,我们回顾了顺行示踪和免疫细胞化学研究的最新经验证据,以及将STN划分为不同子区域的局部田间潜在记录。免疫反应性的空间分布以梯度的组合形式呈现,尽管不同频段的神经活动在空间上呈簇状分布,但峰位置存在大量重叠。我们认为,没有明确定义边界的区域专业化最有可能代表STN的职能组织。我们回顾了从顺位追踪和免疫细胞化学研究以及从将STN划分为不同的子区域的局部领域潜在记录中获得的当前经验证据。免疫反应性的空间分布以梯度的组合形式呈现,尽管不同频段的神经活动在空间上呈簇状分布,但峰位置存在大量重叠。我们认为,没有明确定义边界的区域专业化最有可能代表STN的职能组织。我们回顾了从顺位追踪和免疫细胞化学研究以及从将STN划分为不同的子区域的局部领域潜在记录中获得的当前经验证据。免疫反应性的空间分布以梯度的组合形式呈现,尽管不同频段的神经活动在空间上呈簇状分布,但峰位置存在大量重叠。我们认为,没有明确定义边界的区域专业化最有可能代表STN的职能组织。尽管不同频段的神经活动在空间上似乎是聚类的,但在峰值位置仍存在大量重叠。我们认为,没有明确定义边界的区域专业化最有可能代表STN的职能组织。尽管不同频段的神经活动在空间上似乎是聚类的,但在峰值位置仍存在大量重叠。我们认为,没有明确定义边界的区域专业化最有可能代表STN的职能组织。

更新日期:2020-08-19
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