Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is a promising way to produce clean liquid fuels and high value-added chemicals from low-value carbon-containing resources such as coal, natural/shale gas, waste wood/plastics, and CO₂ via syngas (CO + H₂). Precipitated iron-based catalysts are one group of commercially viable FTS catalysts that are important in academic circles as well as in industry. Here, we briefly review the promoters for precipitated iron-based FTS catalysts, which critically influence the catalyst performance. Precipitated iron-based catalysts typically contain three types of promoters: reduction promoters, alkali promoters, and structural promoters. The major effects of reduction promoters on catalytic performance include shortening of the induction period and increasing the CO conversion. Alkali promoters significantly influence the catalyst activation and product selectivity. They facilitate carburization of iron and increase selectivity for the target hydrocarbons C₅₊ and 1-olefin. The heavier the alkali metal, the stronger the effect. The structural promoters are effective for increasing the resistance of precipitated iron-based catalysts to thermal sintering and physical attrition. However, the impact of structural promoters on chemical properties and resultant catalytic performance is still considered a matter of debate. In the case of alkali promoters and structural promoters, the optimal amount of loading is very important for obtaining high catalytic performance, and this deteriorates severely if loading exceeds the optimal range.

费托合成（FTS）是一种有前途的方法，可以通过合成气从低价值的含碳资源（如煤炭，天然气/页岩气，废木/塑料和C​​O ₂）生产清洁的液体燃料和高附加值的化学物质（ CO + H ₂）。沉淀的铁基催化剂是一组商业上可行的FTS催化剂，在学术界和工业中都很重要。在这里，我们简要回顾沉淀的铁基FTS催化剂的促进剂，这些促进剂会严重影响催化剂的性能。沉淀的铁基催化剂通常包含三种类型的助催化剂：还原助催化剂，碱助催化剂和结构助催化剂。还原促进剂对催化性能的主要影响包括缩短诱导期和增加CO转化率。碱促进剂显着影响催化剂的活化和产物的选择性。它们有助于铁的渗碳并提高对目标碳氢化合物C _5+的选择性和1-烯烃。碱金属越重，效果越强。结构促进剂对于提高沉淀的铁基催化剂对热烧结和物理磨损的抵抗力是有效的。然而，结构促进剂对化学性质和所产生的催化性能的影响仍然被认为是一个争论的问题。在碱助催化剂和结构助催化剂的情况下，最佳负载量对于获得高催化性能非常重要，并且如果负载超过最佳范围，则其严重恶化。