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Impact of Annual Bacterial Epizootics on Albatross Population on a Remote Island.
EcoHealth ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-23 , DOI: 10.1007/s10393-020-01487-8
Audrey Jaeger 1, 2 , Amandine Gamble 3, 4 , Erwan Lagadec 1, 5 , Camille Lebarbenchon 1 , Vincent Bourret 3 , Jérémy Tornos 3, 6 , Christophe Barbraud 7 , Karin Lemberger 8 , Karine Delord 7 , Henri Weimerskirch 7 , Jean-Baptiste Thiebot 5, 7, 9 , Thierry Boulinier 3 , Pablo Tortosa 1
Affiliation  

The reduced species richness typical of oceanic islands provides an interesting environmental setup to examine in natura the epidemiological dynamics of infectious agents with potential implications for public health and/or conservation. On Amsterdam Island (Indian Ocean), recurrent die-offs of Indian yellow-nosed albatross (Thalassarche carteri) nestlings have been attributed to avian cholera, caused by the bacterium Pasteurella multocida. In order to help implementing efficient measures for the control of this disease, it is critical to better understand the local epidemiology of P. multocida and to examine its inter- and intra-annual infection dynamics. We evaluated the infection status of 264 yellow-nosed albatrosses over four successive breeding seasons using a real-time PCR targeting P. multocida DNA from cloacal swabs. Infection prevalence patterns revealed an intense circulation of P. multocida throughout the survey, with a steady but variable increase in infection prevalence within each breeding season. These epizootics were associated with massive nestling dies-offs, inducing very low fledging successes (≤ 20%). These results suggest important variations in the transmission dynamics of this pathogen. These findings and the developed PCR protocol have direct applications to guide future research and refine conservation plans aiming at controlling the disease.

中文翻译:

年度细菌流行病对偏远岛屿信天翁种群的影响。

海洋岛屿典型的物种丰富度降低提供了一个有趣的环境设置,可以在自然界中检查传染原的流行病学动态,对公共卫生和/或保护具有潜在影响。在阿姆斯特丹岛(印度洋)上,印度黄鼻信天翁(Thalasarche carteri)雏鸟的反复死亡被归因于禽霍乱,这是由多杀性巴斯德氏菌引起的。为了帮助实施有效的措施来控制这种疾病,至关重要的是更好地了解疟原虫的局部流行病学并检查其年度间和年度内感染动态。我们使用靶向泄殖腔拭子的多杀青霉菌DNA的实时PCR评估了四个连续繁殖季节中264个黄鼻信天翁的感染状况。感染流行率显示整个调查期间多杀疟原虫的强烈循环,在每个繁殖季节内感染率稳定但可变地增加。这些流行病与大量的雏鸟死亡有关,导致成年成功率极低(≤20%)。这些结果表明该病原体的传播动力学有重要变化。这些发现和已开发的PCR方案可直接用于指导未来研究并完善旨在控制疾病的保护计划。
更新日期:2020-07-23
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