Fubrick tea aqueous extract (FTEs) has been reported to improve lipid metabolism and gut microbiota communities in mice and humans. However, it is still unclear how FTEs prevents obesity through gut microbiota, and whether some other regulatory mechanisms are involved in the process. Here, we found that FTEs supplementation effectively alleviated the body weight gain, visceral fat accumulation, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose tolerance induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from FTEs-treated mice showed similar protective effects as FTEs supplementation in mice fed with a HFD. The results confirmed that gut microbiota played key roles in attenuating HFD-induced fat deposition and metabolic disorder. In particular, FTEs reversed HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis via increasing the relative abundances of Bacteroides, Adlercreutzia, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, and norank_f_Lachnospiraceae, and reducing that of Staphylococcus. Interestingly, FTEs could still alleviate HFD-induced lipid accumulation in mice treated with antibiotics, which had increased relative abundances of Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides, and Bacteroides_uniformis sp. In addition, supplementation with FTEs also modified the serum metabolome, especially the “caffeine metabolism” pathway. Furthermore, FTEs supplementation increased the concentrations of caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine in serum, which were positively correlated with an abundance of norank_f_Lachnospiraceae. Overall, FTEs exerts beneficial effects against obesity induced by HFD, and the underlying mechanism is partially related to the reprogramming of intestinal microbiota, while the metabolism of caffeine in FTEs also played an important role in the process. This study provides a theoretical basis for the further study of the anti-obesity effects of FTEs and the consideration of gut microbiota as a potential target for the treatment of obesity induced by a HFD.

中文翻译：

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Fubrick茶通过调节肠道菌群和咖啡因代谢，减轻高脂饮食诱导的脂肪沉积和代谢紊乱。

Fubrick茶水提取物（FTE）已被报道可改善小鼠和人类的脂质代谢和肠道菌群。但是，目前尚不清楚FTEs如何通过肠道菌群预防肥胖，以及该过程中是否涉及其他调控机制。在这里，我们发现补充FTE可以有效减轻高脂饮食（HFD）引起的体重增加，内脏脂肪蓄积，血脂异常和葡萄糖耐量降低，并且FTE治疗小鼠的粪便菌群移植（FMT）显示出相似的保护作用补充HFD的小鼠中的FTE补充作用。结果证实肠道菌群在减轻HFD诱导的脂肪沉积和代谢紊乱中起关键作用。特别是FTE通过以下途径逆转了HFD诱导的肠道菌群失调增加的相对丰度杆菌，Adlercreutzia，Alistipes，Parabacteroides，和norank_f_Lachnospiraceae，和减少的葡萄球菌。有趣的是，FTE仍可减轻用抗生素治疗的小鼠中HFD诱导的脂质蓄积，这增加了拟杆菌，拟杆菌和拟杆菌的相对丰度。sp。此外，补充FTE还可以改变血清代谢组，特别是“咖啡因代谢”途径。此外，补充全氟辛烷磺酸可增加血清中咖啡因，茶碱和可可碱的浓度，它们与大量的norank_f_Lachnospiraceae呈正相关。总体而言，FTE对由HFD引起的肥胖症具有有益作用，其潜在机制部分与肠道菌群的重编程有关，而FTE中的咖啡因代谢在该过程中也起着重要作用。该研究为进一步研究FTE的抗肥胖作用和考虑将肠道菌群作为治疗HFD所致肥胖的潜在靶标提供了理论基础。