Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens and Ellagibacter isourolithinifaciens are two human gut bacterial species that convert ellagic acid into urolithins. Urolithins are bioactive postbiotics produced by dehydroxylation reactions catalyzed by different catechol-dehydroxylases. The metabolic ability of these anaerobic bacteria on other dietary-phenolic compounds is unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the metabolism of flavonoids (quercetin, hesperetin, hesperidin, nobiletin, catechin, isoxanthohumol), isoflavonoids (daidzein), coumarins (esculetin, umbelliferone, scoparone), phenylpropanoids [caffeic acid; 3-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (dihydrocaffeic acid); rosmarinic acid, and chlorogenic acid], benzoic acid derivatives (gallic acid, ellagic acid), lignans (secoisolariciresinol diglucoside), stilbenes (resveratrol), and secoiridoids (oleuropein) by G. urolithinfaciens DSM 27213^T and E. isourolithinifaciens DSM 104140^T. Both strains metabolized ellagic acid leading to the characteristic urolithins. They also metabolized caffeic, dihydrocaffeic, rosmarinic, and chlorogenic acids. The rest of the phenolic compounds were not transformed. Catechol dehydroxylation and double bond reduction were prominent transformations observed during the incubations. The enzymatic activities seem to have a narrow substrate scope as many catechol- (quercetin, catechin, esculetin, gallic acid) and double bond-containing (resveratrol, esculetin, scoparone, umbelliferone) phenolics were not metabolized. The catechol-dehydroxylase activity was more efficient in E. isourolithinifaciens, while the reductase activity was more relevant in G. urolithinfaciens.

中文翻译：

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产生尿石素的人肠道细菌尿石酸戈登氏菌和异尿石酸伊拉氏菌对不同饮食中酚类化合物的代谢。

尿链球菌和异尿石链球菌有两种人类肠道细菌，它们将鞣花酸转化为尿石素。尿石素是通过不同的邻苯二酚-脱羟基酶催化的脱羟基反应产生的生物活性后生素。这些厌氧细菌对其他膳食酚类化合物的代谢能力尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们评估了类黄酮（槲皮素，橙皮素，橙皮苷，诺比列汀，儿茶素，异黄腐酚），异类黄酮（大豆苷元），香豆素（七叶素，伞形酮，松节油酮），苯丙氨酸（咖啡酸；3-（3'，4'-二羟基苯基）丙酸（二氢咖啡酸）; 迷迭香酸和绿原酸]，苯甲酸衍生物（没食子酸芥子酸），木脂素（七异异香叶烯醇二葡糖苷），对苯二酚（白藜芦醇）和类花生油苷（橄榄苦苷）。DSM 27213 ^Ť和E. isourolithinifaciens DSM 104140 ^Ť。两种菌株均代谢鞣花酸，导致特征性尿石素。它们还代谢咖啡酸，二氢咖啡酸，迷迭香酸和绿原酸。其余的酚类化合物未转化。孵育过程中观察到邻苯二酚脱羟基和双键还原。酶活性似乎具有较窄的底物范围，因为许多儿茶酚（槲皮素，儿茶素，七叶内酯，没食子酸）和含双键的（白藜芦醇，七叶内酯，可可酮，伞形酮）酚类物质均未代谢。儿茶酚脱羟酶活性在异尿石棉大肠杆菌中更有效，而还原酶活性与尿链孢菌相关性更高。