A comparative study of the effect of low‐intensity laser radiation in green (λ = 532 nm) and red (λ = 632.8 nm) spectral regions at equal average irradiance (3 mW cm−2) on functional characteristics of Siberian sturgeon spermatozoa is carried out. Confirmation of the photobiomodulation effect of the radiation is obtained by analyzing spermatozoa motility, percentage of motile spermatozoa and fertilization rate. It is shown that, depending on the energy dose, the laser radiation in red and green spectral regions can have both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on spermatozoa motility. Contrary to popular belief that the short‐wavelength radiation has great prospects in reproductive biotechnologies (due to more efficient absorption of radiation by cellular chromophores and increased generation of ROS), convincing evidence of a more pronounced stimulatory effect of radiation in the red spectral region was obtained. For the first time, metal‐free porphyrins capable of acting as endogenous photosensitizers generating ROS were detected and identified in animal sperm. Using luminol‐dependent chemiluminescence, it is shown that the increased production of ROS capable of exerting an inhibitory effect on biological systems at high concentrations is among the possible reasons for reduction in the stimulatory effect of radiation when moving from red to green spectral region.

中文翻译：

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绿色和红色光谱区低强度激光辐射对鲟鱼精子功能特性的比较影响

对等平均辐照度 (3 mW cm−2) 的绿色 (λ = 532 nm) 和红色 (λ = 632.8 nm) 光谱区域的低强度激光辐射对西伯利亚鲟鱼精子功能特性的影响进行了比较研究出去。通过分析精子活力、活动精子的百分比和受精率来确认辐射的光生物调节效果。结果表明，根据能量剂量，红色和绿色光谱区域的激光辐射对精子运动具有刺激和抑制作用。与普遍的看法相反，短波辐射在生殖生物技术中具有广阔的前景（由于细胞发色团更有效地吸收辐射和增加 ROS 的产生），获得了令人信服的证据，证明辐射在红色光谱区域具有更显着的刺激作用。首次在动物精子中检测并鉴定出能够作为内源性光敏剂产生 ROS 的无金属卟啉。使用鲁米诺依赖的化学发光，表明能够在高浓度下对生物系统产生抑制作用的 ROS 产生增加是辐射从红色到绿色光谱区域移动时刺激作用降低的可能原因之一。