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Anthropogenic soils and landscapes of European Russia: Summer school from sea to sea—A didactic prototype
Journal of Environmental Quality ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-22 , DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20132
Viacheslav I. Vasenev 1 , Marina V. Slukovskaya 1, 2, 3 , Zhongqi Cheng 4, 5 , Anna A. Paltseva 1, 4, 5 , Thomas Nehls 6 , Maria V. Korneykova 1, 7 , Ivan I. Vasenev 1, 8 , Olga N. Romzaykina 1 , Kristina V. Ivashchenko 1, 9 , Dmitry A. Sarzhanov 1 , Yulia L. Sotnikova 1 , Oleg V. Ryzhkov 10 , Lilia A. Alaeva 11 , Anton V. Belik 11 , Tatiana A. Devyatova 11 , Sergey N. Gorbov 12 , Olga S. Bezuglova 12 , Andrey. V. Dolgikh 1, 13 , Pavel I. Konstantinov 1, 14 , Anastasia V. Konstantinova 1 , Alexey M. Yaroslavtsev 1, 8 , Marina S. Chernyshova 1 , Tatiana Morin 15 , Alexey V. Ryazanov 1 , Dmitry D. Gosse 16 , Elvira A. Dovletyarova 1
Affiliation  

Field excursions and trainings are considered a key component of education programs in soil and environmental sciences. They allow mastering students’ practical skills in sampling and onsite assessments and improve understanding of ecosystem integrity and complexity. Urbanization has a substantial impact on soil properties and functions; however, field courses focused on urban soils are rare. We present a didactic prototype and the outcomes of the “Monitoring, Modeling, and Management of Urban Green Infrastructure and Soils (3MUGIS)” summer school—the first educational tour observing anthropogenic soils and landscapes along the bioclimatic gradient in European Russia, from tundra to dry steppes. Didactic learning was based on a studying‐by‐doing approach; students were involved in environmental assessment in multiple regions varying in climatic and socioeconomic features. Considering the high spatial heterogeneity of urban ecosystems, we used express techniques (portable X‐ray fluorescence, infrared gas analyzers) for onsite soil analysis at multiple replicas. The data collected were discussed with local and international experts from Russia, Germany, the United States, and France in the context of regional environmental problems (e.g., pollution, soil degradation, and urban expansion). Students discovered zonal changes in vegetation (e.g., increasing tree height and diversity from north taiga to forest steppes) and soil properties (e.g., a gradual increase in pH and changes in soil organic C), as well as urban‐specific processes and features (e.g., urban heat island effect or soil artifacts). The overall student feedback was very positive (50.8% excellent, 36% good); some specific organizational issues will be addressed for future 3MUGIS summer schools.

中文翻译:

欧洲俄罗斯的人为土壤和景观:从海到海的暑期学校—教学原型

实地考察和培训被认为是土壤和环境科学教育计划的重要组成部分。它们使学生能够掌握采样和现场评估的实践技能,并增进对生态系统完整性和复杂性的了解。城市化对土壤的性质和功能有重大影响;然而,针对城市土壤的实地课程很少。我们将提供一个教学原型,以及“城市绿色基础设施和土壤的监测,建模和管理”(3MUGIS)暑期班的成果,这是第一次教育之旅,目的是观察欧洲俄罗斯从苔原到欧洲沿生物气候梯度的人为土壤和景观。干草原。启发式学习是基于“边做边学”的方法;在气候和社会经济特征各异的多个地区,学生参与了环境评估。考虑到城市生态系统的高度异质性,我们使用表达技术(便携式X射线荧光,红外气体分析仪)在多个副本上进行现场土壤分析。在区域环境问题(例如,污染,土壤退化和城市扩张)的背景下,与来自俄罗斯,德国,美国和法国的本地和国际专家讨论了收集到的数据。学生发现了植被的地带性变化(例如,树高和从北针叶林到森林草原的多样性增加)和土壤特性(例如,pH值逐渐增加和土壤有机碳的变化)以及城市特定的过程和特征(例如城市热岛效应或土壤伪影)。学生的总体反馈非常积极(50.8%优秀,36%良好);未来的3MUGIS暑期学校将解决一些特定的组织问题。
更新日期:2020-07-22
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