Herein, we report a comprehensive strategy to synthesize a full range of single‐atom metals on carbon matrix, including V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ge, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, In, Sn, W, Ir, Pt, Pb, and Bi. The extensive applications of various SACs are manifested via their ability to electro‐catalyze typical hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) and conversion reactions in novel room‐temperature sodium sulfur batteries (RT‐Na‐S). The enhanced performances for these electrochemical reactions arisen from the ability of different single active atoms on local structures to tune their electronic configuration. Significantly, the electrocatalytic behaviors of diverse SACs, assisted by density functional theory calculations, are systematically revealed by in situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction and in situ transmission electronic microscopy, providing a strategic library for the general synthesis and extensive applications of SACs in energy conversion and storage.

中文翻译：

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用于氢析出反应和室温Na-S电池的单原子催化剂的一般合成。

在此，我们报告了一种综合策略，可以在碳基体上合成各种单原子金属，包括V，Mn，Fe，Co，Ni，Cu，Ge，Mo，Ru，Rh，Pd，Ag，In，Sn， W，Ir，Pt，Pb和Bi。各种SAC的广泛应用体现在它们在新型室温钠硫电池（RT-Na-S）中电催化典型的氢气释放反应（HER）和转化反应的能力。这些电化学反应的增强性能来自于局部结构上不同的单个活性原子调节其电子构型的能力。值得注意的是，通过原位同步加速器X射线衍射和原位透射电子显微镜系统地揭示了各种SAC的电催化行为，并借助密度泛函理论计算得以系统地揭示。