We introduce fundamental gauge theories that can be employed to construct informed composite bright and dark extensions of the Standard Model, within and beyond the standard paradigms. The gap between theory and experiments is bridged by providing predictions and ways to test them, for example, at the Fermi scale and via precision flavor experiments. We will review time-honoured paradigms from (walking) technicolor to composite Goldstone Higgs and discuss their features and differences. Standard model fermion mass generation in composite models will also be discussed along with the challenges and opportunities that it offers. To be concrete and pedagogical we will concentrate on minimal constructions featuring strongly coupled gauge theories supporting the global symmetry breaking pattern SU(4)/Sp(4). The most minimal underlying fundamental description consists of an SU(2) gauge theory with two Dirac fermions transforming according to the fundamental representation of the gauge group. This minimal choice enables us to use first principle lattice results to predict the massive spectrum for models of composite (Goldstone) Higgs dynamics and strongly interacting dark matter, of immediate impact for current and future experimental searches. Because composite dynamics embraces a rich spectrum of theories with dynamics ranging from QCD-like behaviour to (near) conformal one, we also report here the state-of-the-art of numerical and analytic properties of several strongly coupled theories including their spectrum, phase diagrams and, when applicable, their (near) conformal data.

中文翻译：

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基本复合动力学：综述

我们介绍了基本规范理论，这些理论可用于在标准范式内外构建标准模型的明暗复合扩展。通过提供预测和测试方法来弥合理论与实验之间的差距，例如，在费米尺度上和通过精确的风味实验。我们将回顾从（行走的）技术色彩到复合戈德斯通希格斯的历史悠久的范式，并讨论它们的特征和差异。还将讨论复合模型中的标准模型费米子质量生成及其带来的挑战和机遇。为了具体和教学，我们将专注于具有支持全局对称破坏模式 SU(4)/Sp(4) 的强耦合规范理论的最小结构。最基本的基本描述包括一个 SU(2) 规范理论，其中两个狄拉克费米子根据规范群的基本表示进行变换。这个最小的选择使我们能够使用第一性原理晶格结果来预测复合（戈德斯通）希格斯动力学和强相互作用暗物质模型的大规模光谱，对当前和未来的实验搜索产生直接影响。因为复合动力学包含了从类似 QCD 的行为到（接近）共形行为的动力学范围广泛的理论，我们还在这里报告了几种强耦合理论的最先进的数值和解析特性，包括它们的频谱，相图，适用时，还有它们的（近）保形数据。