Phosphatidylserine nanocochleates (Nanocochs) are novel delivery systems that may play a prominent osteoprotective role with their cargo, vitamin D3 (Vit-D3), against osteoporosis. Therefore, this study was conducted to characterize a Nanococh containing vitamin D3 (Nanococh-D3) and investigate its potential role in improving GIO in a rat model. Roll-shaped Nanococh-D3 particles were obtained in a size range of 320 nm with a sustained release performance. Oral Nanococh-D3 significantly increased the bioavailability of Vit-D3, enhanced bone mechanical strength, and improved osteogenic biomarkers including B-ALP, osteocalcin, Ca, and OPG in GIO rats. This formulation markedly suppressed gene expression of RANK and RANKL in treated rats. Histomorphometric analysis showed significant repairs in bone tissues and TRAP staining indicated a significant decrease in osteoclasts using Nanococh-D3 in osteoporotic rats. Nanococh alone similar to Nanococh-D3 acted better than AL as a standard anti-osteoporotic drug in the improvement of bone strength. In conclusion, our results established the potential role of Nanococh-D3 against osteoporosis in rats.

磷脂酰丝氨酸纳米耳蜗（Nanocochs）是新型的递送系统，可通过其货物维生素D3（Vit-D3）对骨质疏松症发挥重要的骨保护作用。因此，进行了这项研究以表征含有维生素D3（Nanococh-D3）的Nanococh，并研究其在改善大鼠模型GIO中的潜在作用。在320nm的尺寸范围内获得具有持续释放性能的卷状Nanococh-D3颗粒。口服Nanococh-D3可显着提高Vit-D3的生物利用度，增强骨骼机械强度，并改善GIO大鼠中的B-ALP，骨钙素，Ca和OPG等成骨生物标志物。该制剂显着抑制了治疗大鼠中RANK和RANKL的基因表达。组织形态计量学分析显示，骨质疏松大鼠中骨组织明显修复，TRAP染色表明使用Nanococh-D3破骨细胞显着减少。作为标准的抗骨质疏松药物，与Nanococh-D3类似的单独Nanococh在改善骨骼强度方面的作用优于AL。总之，我们的结果确定了Nanococh-D3对大鼠骨质疏松症的潜在作用。