Abstract Water pollution from acid mine drainage (AMD) has received extensive attention in recent years. However, previously used active treatment methods have many problems, such as high cost, difficult maintenance, and a large amount of sludge production. This study presented a novel process that combined dolomite aeration and an oxidation filter bed. The acidic water generated from coal mine drainage water was the object of research. First, the effects of important operating factors (such as particle size, initial pH, aeration rate, and flow rate) to neutralize acidity and remove contaminants from real mine effluents were studied. Based on these results, the treatment efficiency and sludge performance under repeated treatment were compared between the dolomite and limestone processes. Then the treatment effect under recycling condition was also compared between dolomite and limestone processes. Finally, the application and economic benefits of this combined process in the practical treatment project were evaluated. It was revealed that the Fe(II), total Fe removal efficiency all could reach nearly 100%, and the sulfate removal efficiency and pH could reach 96.2% and 6.53, respectively, after 3 h reaction under optimal conditions (dolomite particle size 0.5–1 cm, initial pH 4, aeration rate 10 L/min, flow rate 100 mL/min). The comparison results show that the dolomite process could achieve good effects while the neutralization agent consumption rate was at least 3 times slower than limestone. Meanwhile, the effluent quality was stable, and the sludge quantity was only one-third that of the sludge quantity produced from the limestone process. The setting capacities of sludge in the dolomite process were better than the limestone process. Additionally, the consumption of dolomite was better than that of limestone. The findings indicated that important cost reduction could be realized by substituting the limestone process with the dolomite aeration oxidation filter bed process, and has good performance in the engineering application.

中文翻译：

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白云石曝气氧化滤床处理酸性矿山排水的试验研究及应用

摘要 酸性矿山排水（AMD）造成的水污染近年来受到广泛关注。然而，以往采用的活性处理方法存在成本高、维护困难、污泥产生量大等诸多问题。本研究提出了一种结合白云石曝气和氧化滤床的新工艺。以煤矿排水产生的酸性水为研究对象。首先，研究了重要的操作因素（如粒度、初始 pH 值、曝气率和流速）对中和实际矿山废水中的酸性和去除污染物的影响。基于这些结果，比较了白云石和石灰石工艺在重复处理下的处理效率和污泥性能。然后还比较了白云石和石灰石工艺在回收条件下的处理效果。最后对该组合工艺在实际处理工程中的应用和经济效益进行了评价。结果表明，在最佳条件下（白云石粒径0.5-3 h）反应3 h后，Fe(II)、总Fe去除率均接近100%，硫酸盐去除率和pH值分别达到96.2%和6.53。 1 cm，初始 pH 值 4，通气速率 10 L/min，流速 100 mL/min）。对比结果表明，白云石工艺可以取得良好的效果，而中和剂的消耗速度至少比石灰石慢3倍。同时，出水水质稳定，污泥量仅为石灰石工艺产生的污泥量的三分之一。白云石工艺污泥的凝结能力优于石灰石工艺。此外，白云石的消耗量优于石灰石。研究结果表明，用白云石曝气氧化滤床工艺代替石灰石工艺可以实现重要的成本降低，在工程应用中具有良好的性能。