Abstract In this research, postharvest citrus fruits with blue mold caused by Penicillium italicum were treated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens ZX incubated on NA and in NB. Treatments with pure individual components of the VOCs were also conducted. The VOCs from P. fluorescens ZX inhibited mycelial growth and conidial germination of P. italicum by 42.14% and 77.86%, respectively. In vivo experiments revealed that blue mold disease incidence and lesion size upon fruits were significantly suppresed by VOCs from P. fluorescens ZX incubated on NA, in NB and on healthy fruits. In addition, the VOCs produced by bacterial fluid provided higher biocontrol efficacy than did that from NA plates. The exposure to VOCs from bacterial fluid of P. fluorescens ZX resulted in morphological abnormalities of the conidia and hyphae of P. italicum. In vitro testing of the individual pure compounds comprising the VOCs suggested that organic acids and sulfur compounds are the active components of VOCs, with dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) exhibiting the highest antifungal activity: concentrations of only 100 and 10 μL/L, respectively, afforded complete inhibition of blue mold on citrus fruits in vivo. Organic acids showed promise for controlling blue mold, but only in sufficiently low concentrations so as not to promote physiological disease or damage in the fruits.

中文翻译：

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荧光假单胞菌 ZX 产生的挥发性有机化合物的抗真菌活性和对采后柑橘蓝霉腐烂的潜在生物防治

摘要 在本研究中，用荧光假单胞菌 ZX 在 NA 和 NB 上孵育产生的挥发性有机化合物 (VOCs) 处理由意大利青霉引起的蓝霉柑橘果实采后。还进行了使用 VOC 的纯单个组分的处理。来自 P. fluorescens ZX 的 VOCs 分别抑制 P. italicum 的菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发 42.14% 和 77.86%。体内实验表明，在 NA、NB 和健康果实上孵育的荧光假单胞菌 ZX 的 VOC 显着抑制了果实上的蓝霉病发病率和病斑大小。此外，细菌液产生的 VOCs 比 NA 板具有更高的生物防治功效。P.菌液VOCs暴露情况 荧光 ZX 导致 P. italicum 分生孢子和菌丝的形态异常。对包含 VOC 的单个纯化合物进行的体外测试表明，有机酸和硫化合物是 VOC 的活性成分，其中二甲基二硫醚 (DMDS) 和二甲基三硫醚 (DMTS) 表现出最高的抗真菌活性：浓度仅为 100 和 10 μL /L 分别在体内提供了对柑橘类水果上蓝霉病的完全抑制。有机酸显示出控制蓝霉的前景，但浓度必须足够低，以免促进果实的生理疾病或损害。二甲基二硫醚 (DMDS) 和二甲基三硫醚 (DMTS) 表现出最高的抗真菌活性：浓度分别仅为 100 和 10 μL/L，即可在体内完全抑制柑橘类水果上的蓝霉病。有机酸显示出控制蓝霉病的前景，但浓度必须足够低，以免促进果实的生理疾病或损害。二甲基二硫醚 (DMDS) 和二甲基三硫醚 (DMTS) 表现出最高的抗真菌活性：浓度分别仅为 100 和 10 μL/L，即可在体内完全抑制柑橘类水果上的蓝霉病。有机酸显示出控制蓝霉的前景，但浓度必须足够低，以免促进果实的生理疾病或损害。