Successful management of the water resources directly depends on our understanding of the heterogeneity of changing climate and consequent response of annual and seasonal streamflows in different climatic regions. This study was undertaken to quantify the spatial and temporal variability of different climatic variables and their subsequent impacts on streamflows of river Jhelum and its tributaries during last more than three decades. Mann–Kendall trend statistic and Sen’s slope estimator test were used for assessing the trends and variability in climatic and streamflow variables. Data obtained from 11 hydrometric and 6 meteorological stations for different time intervals were used for analysis. The results pointed toward various significant trends in both hydrological and meteorological stations. Kashmir Himalayas witnessed rise in mean maximum temperature (+ 0.05 °C/year) and mean minimum temperature (+ 0.01 °C/year) with substantial reduction in precipitation (− 4.2 mm/year) from 1980 to 2015. Analysis of the streamflow trends revealed significant decreasing trends in all the hydrometric stations with the highest decrease in spring and summer seasons. Furthermore, the correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between increase in temperature and streamflow, while strong positive correlation was realized with precipitation at both annual and seasonal scales.

水资源的成功管理直接取决于我们对气候变化的异质性的理解，以及对不同气候区域年流和季节流的响应。进行这项研究的目的是量化过去三十多年中不同气候变量的时空变化及其对Jhelum河及其支流的流量的影响。使用Mann–Kendall趋势统计量和Sen的斜率估算器检验来评估气候和流量变量的趋势和变异性。从11个水文站和6个气象站获得的不同时间间隔的数据用于分析。结果表明，水文和气象台站都有各种重要趋势。从1980年到2015年，克什米尔喜马拉雅山的平均最高温度（+ 0.05°C /年）和平均最低温度（+ 0.01°C /年）有所上升，降水量大幅减少（-4.2 mm /年）。流量趋势分析揭示了所有水文站的明显下降趋势，春季和夏季的下降幅度最大。此外，相关分析显示，温度和流量增加之间存在显着的负相关，而在年度和季节尺度上，降水与降水之间都存在强的正相关。对水流趋势的分析显示，所有水文站的趋势都有明显的下降趋势，春季和夏季的下降幅度最大。此外，相关分析显示，温度和流量增加之间存在显着的负相关，而在年度和季节尺度上，降水与降水之间都存在强的正相关。对水流趋势的分析显示，所有水文站的趋势都有明显的下降趋势，春季和夏季的下降幅度最大。此外，相关分析显示，温度和流量增加之间存在显着的负相关，而在年度和季节尺度上，降水与降水之间都存在强的正相关。