With growing demands on forests, there is a need to understand the drivers of managing the forest for diverse objectives, such as production, recreation, and climate adaptation. The aim of this study was to examine the knowledge and value basis of forest management behaviors, including different management strategies and management inactivity, among private forest owners in Sweden. Different dimensions of knowledge (declarative and procedural knowledge, assessed in terms of objective and subjective knowledge measures) and value priorities (basic values and forest values), as well as the role of forest owner identity, were examined. The study was conducted by means of a postal questionnaire to a random sample of private forest owners in Sweden (n = 3000, response rate 43%). The distinctions between actual knowledge (objective knowledge), confidence (subjective knowledge), and value priorities, in addition to the hierarchical structure of how these factors are linked to management behaviors, proved to be valuable. Results revealed that different knowledge dimensions and value priorities were jointly important for forest management behaviors. In addition, the role of forest owner identity for management behaviors was confirmed. Insights from the study may be used to develop policy and outreach to private forest owners and thereby facilitate different forest functions in private forestry.

中文翻译：

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瑞典私人森林管理的知识和价值基础：实际知识、信心和价值优先事项

随着对森林的需求不断增长，有必要了解为实现生产、娱乐和气候适应等不同目标而管理森林的驱动因素。本研究的目的是检查瑞典私人森林所有者的森林管理行为的知识和价值基础，包括不同的管理策略和管理不活动。检查了知识的不同维度（陈述性和程序性知识，根据客观和主观知识衡量标准进行评估）和价值优先级（基本价值和森林价值），以及森林所有者身份的作用。该研究是通过邮寄问卷的方式对瑞典私人森林所有者的随机样本进行的（n = 3000，回复率为 43%）。实际知识（客观知识）、除了这些因素如何与管理行为相关联的层次结构之外，信心（主观知识）和价值优先级被证明是有价值的。结果表明，不同的知识维度和价值优先级对森林管理行为共同重要。此外，森林所有者身份对经营行为的作用也得到了证实。研究中的见解可用于制定政策和与私人森林所有者的联系，从而促进私人林业的不同森林功能。此外，森林所有者身份对经营行为的作用也得到了证实。研究中的见解可用于制定政策和与私人森林所有者的联系，从而促进私人林业的不同森林功能。此外，森林所有者身份对经营行为的作用也得到了证实。研究中的见解可用于制定政策和与私人森林所有者的联系，从而促进私人林业的不同森林功能。