Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important grain legume that is attacked by the fungal pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii, responsible for collar rot disease. In the present study, the pathogen was isolated from diseased chickpea seedlings and identified on molecular basis using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and β-tubulin markers. To control this pathogen, an in vivo study was carried out, using Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) leaf dry biomass (1, 2, and 3%) as soil amendment. A broad-spectrum fungicide mancozeb was selected as a reference and the data regarding plant growth and mortality rates were calculated. In positive control, the highest seedling mortality (56%) was recorded in comparison to negative control (0%) after 30 days of sowing. In 1, 2, and 3% concentrations of A. indica dry leaf biomass, the seedling mortalities were 49, 38, and 38%, respectively. On the other hand, the mancozeb-treated seedlings showed the lowest plant mortality rate (28%). Soil treatments with mancozeb as well as with 1 and 2% leaf biomass concentrations showed marked differences in root and shoot dry biomasses over positive control. In a laboratory bioassay, methanolic leaf extract of Neem of 0.5 to 3.5% concentrations reduced biomass of S. rolfsii by 86–90% over control. The present study concluded that 2% A. indica leaf amendment was the most useful concentration for management of collar rot disease of chickpea.

中文翻译：

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印of叶作为土壤改良剂用于控制鹰嘴豆的衣领腐烂病

鹰嘴豆（Cicer arietinum L.）是一种重要的谷物豆类，受到真菌病原菌Sclerotium rolfsii的攻击，导致领腐病。在本研究中，病原菌是从患病鹰嘴豆幼苗中分离出来的，并使用内部转录间隔区（ITS）和β-微管蛋白标记物在分子基础上进行鉴定。为了控制这种病原体，进行了体内研究，使用印度em树（印em（Azadirachta indica A. Juss。））叶片干生物量（1、2和3％）作为土壤改良剂。选择广谱杀菌剂代森锰锌作为参考，并计算出有关植物生长和死亡率的数据。在阳性对照中，播种30天后的幼苗死亡率最高（56％），而阴性对照（0％）。在1、2和3％浓度的印度。稻干叶生物量中，幼苗死亡率为49、38，和38％。另一方面，经锰锌处理的幼苗显示出最低的植物死亡率（28％）。用Mancozeb以及1％和2％的叶片生物量浓度进行的土壤处理显示，根和茎干生物量与阳性对照相比有显着差异。在实验室生物测定中，浓度为0.5％至3.5％的Neem的甲醇叶提取物比对照相比将Rolfsii的生物量降低了86–90％。本研究得出的结论是2％的印度A叶改良剂是处理鹰嘴豆衣领腐烂病最有效的浓度。在实验室生物测定中，浓度为0.5％至3.5％的Neem的甲醇叶提取物比对照相比将Rolfsii的生物量降低了86–90％。本研究得出的结论是2％的印度A叶改良剂是处理鹰嘴豆衣领腐烂病最有效的浓度。在实验室生物测定中，浓度为0.5％至3.5％的Neem的甲醇叶提取物比对照相比将Rolfsii的生物量降低了86-90％。本研究得出的结论是2％的印度A叶改良剂是处理鹰嘴豆衣领腐烂病最有效的浓度。