This article describes the possibility of using the blockchain technology for load and generation aggregation in a new distributed demand response (DR) service and customer remuneration system. The blockchain technology and the use of smart contracts for DR allow the creation of a distributed system, in which customers can communicate directly, in a transparent, secure, and traceable way, with the grid operator to provide their flexibility. In this article, the DR problem formulation takes into account several aspects, which are periodically executed. First, the blockchain records customers’ energy consumption or production; then, the smart contract starts calculating the baseline and the potential support provided by each customer to fulfill the requested load adaptation. Customers’ availability for generation and load profile modulation is also taken into account, as well as their privacy and an updated definition of the roles of grid and market operators in a new DR scenario supported by the blockchain technology. The blockchain used is Hyperledger Fabric, since it turned to be flexible for smart contract implementation while supporting multitenancy. Results show the possibility of successfully applying the blockchain technology to this particular topic, even considering privacy-preserving issues.

中文翻译：

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使用基于区块链的框架在需求响应中进行汇总和报酬

本文描述了在新的分布式需求响应 (DR) 服务和客户报酬系统中使用区块链技术进行负荷和发电聚合的可能性。区块链技术和 DR 智能合约的使用允许创建分布式系统，在该系统中，客户可以以透明、安全和可追溯的方式直接与电网运营商通信，以提供他们的灵活性。在本文中，DR 问题的制定考虑了多个方面，这些方面是定期执行的。首先，区块链记录客户的能源消耗或生产；然后，智能合约开始计算每个客户提供的基线和潜在支持，以完成请求的负载适应。还考虑了客户对发电和负载配置文件调制的可用性，以及他们的隐私以及在区块链技术支持的新 DR 场景中对电网和市场运营商角色的更新定义。所使用的区块链是 Hyperledger Fabric，因为它在支持多租户的同时，对于智能合约的实施变得非常灵活。结果显示了将区块链技术成功应用于这个特定主题的可能性，甚至考虑到隐私保护问题。