Objectives. Premature neonates are susceptible to opportunistic and nosocomial infections. Efforts have been made to determine whether the neonatal gut microbiome possesses potential for causing bloodstream infections in newborns via microbial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract. We aimed to examine similarities in coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) strains found in the gastrointestinal tract and bloodstream in bacteremic neonates. Methods. CoNS strains isolated from blood cultures and perianal and pharyngeal swab samples of neonates from two neonatal intensive care units were investigated using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Molecular mass and genetic similarities of CoNS strains were compared. Results. Marked similarity was found in the molecular mass and genetic profile of examined CoNS isolates from blood cultures and perianal/pharyngeal samples. The percentage of neonates developing bacteremia following perianal and pharyngeal colonization by CoNS was significantly higher when compared to those colonized by Enterobacteriales species (). Conclusions. CoNS colonizing the gut may be a source of bacteremia in neonates. Enterobacteriales species do not contribute as significantly to bacteremia when compared to CoNS, and may be protective against gut mucosa-originated systemic infection.

中文翻译：

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在菌血症新生儿的胃肠道和血流中发现了类似的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌菌株。

目标。早产儿易受机会性和医院感染。已经努力确定新生儿肠道微生物组是否具有通过微生物从胃肠道易位引起新生儿血流感染的潜力。我们旨在检查在菌血症新生儿胃肠道和血流中发现的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌 (CoNS) 菌株的相似性。方法。使用基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱和脉冲场凝胶电泳研究了从来自两个新生儿重症监护病房的新生儿的血培养和肛周和咽拭子样本中分离出的 CoNS 菌株。比较了 CoNS 菌株的分子量和遗传相似性。结果。在从血培养和肛周/咽部样本中检测到的 CoNS 分离株的分子质量和遗传谱中发现了显着的相似性。与肠杆菌属菌种定植的新生儿相比，CoNS 在肛周和咽部定植后发生菌血症的百分比显着更高。）。 结论。肠道定植的 CoNS 可能是新生儿菌血症的来源。与 CoNS 相比，肠杆菌属物种对菌血症的贡献不那么显着，并且可能对肠道粘膜起源的全身感染具有保护作用。