Sickness triggers a series of behavioral and physiological processes collectively known as acute phase response (APR). Bats are known as reservoirs of a broad variety of pathogens and the physiological changes resulting from APR activation have been tested predominantly during the resting phase (daytime) in several species exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In contrast, behavioral consequences of sickness for bats and other wild mammals have received less attention. We examined the physiological and behavioral consequences of APR activation in a fruit‐eating bat (Carollia perspicillata) challenged with LPS during the active phase (nighttime). We measured changes in food intake, body mass, body temperature, total white blood cell counts, and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (N/L). No fever and leukocytosis were observed in bats injected with LPS, but food intake decreased, bats lost body mass and their N/L ratio increased. The effect of LPS on daily energy balance is remarkable and, along with the increase in N/L ratio, it is assumed to be beneficial to fight disease. On the basis of our findings and those with other bats, it is probable that the physiological and behavioral components of the immune response to LPS follow circadian rhythms, but a formal test of this hypothesis is warranted.

中文翻译：

---

蝙蝠在活动期通过减少食物摄入量来响应模拟细菌感染。

疾病会触发一系列行为和生理过程，统称为急性期反应（APR）。蝙蝠被认为是多种病原体的储存库，并且主要在静止阶段（白天）在暴露于脂多糖（LPS）的几种物种中测试了由APR激活引起的生理变化。相反，疾病对蝙蝠和其他野生哺乳动物的行为后果引起的关注较少。我们检查了在吃水果的蝙蝠（Carollia perspicillata中APR激活的生理和行为后果））在活动阶段（夜间）受到LPS的挑战。我们测量了食物摄入量，体重，体温，白细胞总数以及中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比（N / L）的变化。在注射LPS的蝙蝠中未观察到发烧和白细胞增多，但食物摄入减少，蝙蝠体重下降，N / L比增加。LPS对日常能量平衡的影响非常显着，并且随着N / L比的增加，它被认为对抵抗疾病有益。根据我们的发现以及与其他蝙蝠的发现，对LPS免疫反应的生理和行为成分很可能遵循昼夜节律，但是对该假设进行正式检验是有必要的。