Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a condition characterized by the occurrence of both sarcopenia and obesity and imposes a heavy burden on the health of the elderly. Controversies and challenges regarding the definition, diagnosis and treatment of SO still remain because of its complex pathogenesis and limitations. Over the past few decades, numerous studies have revealed that myokines secreted from skeletal muscle play significant roles in the regulation of muscle mass and function as well as metabolic homeostasis. Abnormalities in myokines may trigger and promote the pathogenesis underlying age-related and metabolic diseases, including obesity, sarcopenia, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and SO. This review mainly focuses on the role of myokines as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis and therapeutic targets in SO.

肌肉减少症（SO）是以肌肉减少症和肥胖症同时发生为特征的疾病，给老年人的健康带来沉重负担。由于SO的复杂发病机制和局限性，因此关于SO的定义，诊断和治疗仍存在争议和挑战。在过去的几十年中，大量研究表明，骨骼肌分泌的肌动蛋白在调节肌肉质量和功能以及代谢稳态方面起着重要作用。肌动蛋白异常可能触发并促进年龄相关和代谢性疾病的发病机制，包括肥胖，肌肉减少症，2型糖尿病（T2D）和SO。这项审查主要侧重于肌动蛋白作为SO的早期诊断和治疗目标的潜在生物标记物的作用。