Less used date palm fruits, as Bouhattam variety, are being converted into coffee through a roasting thermal process. Therefore, laboratory assays were conducted to investigate chemical and cytotoxic proprieties of this commercial coffee. Mineral content determination showed that roasted seeds of Bouhattam were a source of K⁺ and Ca²⁺. Date seed powder was fractionated successively using organic solvents of increasing polarity (cyclohexane, CYHA; dichloromethane, DCM; and methanol, MeOH). While the best yield was recorded for CYHA fraction, the MeOH extract showed the strongest antioxidant activity associated with highest total polyphenol content (TPC) (56.7 mg eq GAE/g dry wt). LC-MS analysis revealed that two major phenolic compounds were identified in methanolic extract: protocatechic acid (67.6 mg/100 g dry wt), which is generally found in tea and quinic acid (39.5 mg/100 g dry wt), known as the main compound of coffee beans. Vitamin E was identified only in the MeOH extract and vitamin K₁ was identified in DCM and CYHA ones. GC-MS data showed that the roasted date seed coffee was decaffeinated, and the most volatile compounds were identified as fatty acids in the CYHA extract. All tested organic extracts against MCF-7 and HCT-116 cell lines displayed lower cytotoxicity. Taken together, obtained results argued that roasted seed powder of Bouhattam variety is an excellent decaffeinated beverage enriched with polyphenols and vitamins concomitant with high antioxidant potential and lower cytotoxicity.

Graphical abstract

如布哈坦（Bouhattam）品种，较少使用的枣椰子果实通过焙烧热过程被转化为咖啡。因此，进行了实验室分析以研究这种市售咖啡的化学和细胞毒性特性。矿物质含量测定表明，布哈塔姆的焙炒种子是K ⁺和Ca ^2+的来源。使用增加极性的有机溶剂（环己烷，CYHA；二氯甲烷，DCM；和甲醇，MeOH）将枣种子粉末连续分级。尽管记录的CYHA馏分的收率最高，但MeOH提取物显示出最强的抗氧化剂活性，具有最高的总多酚含量（TPC）（56.7 mg eq GAE / g干重）。LC-MS分析表明，在甲醇提取物中鉴定出两种主要的酚类化合物：原儿茶酸（67.6 mg / 100 g干重），通常在茶叶中发现；奎宁酸（39.5 mg / 100 g干重），被称为咖啡豆的主要成分。仅在MeOH提取物和维生素K _1中鉴定出维生素E在DCM和CYHA中被发现。GC-MS数据显示，烤枣籽咖啡已脱除咖啡因，并且CYHA提取物中的挥发性最大的化合物被鉴定为脂肪酸。所有测试的针对MCF-7和HCT-116细胞系的有机提取物均显示出较低的细胞毒性。综上所述，获得的结果表明，Bouhattam品种的焙炒种子粉是一种出色的脱咖啡因饮料，富含多酚和维生素，具有较高的抗氧化潜力和较低的细胞毒性。

图形概要