Owing to its contribution to the maintenance of carbon stocks, soil nitrogen and nutrient cycling for subsequent crops, the integrated systems become increasingly important for agricultural conservation. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the biomass production of and total nutrient in Brachiaria spp. and Panicum maximum forage grasses used as mulch and soybean yields in an integrated crop–livestock system and second-crop maize succession system. The treatments consisted of the following cropping systems: Xaraes palisadegrass intercropped with soybean, Congo grass intercropped with soybean, Mombaça guinea grass intercropped with soybean, Tamani guinea grass intercropped with soybean and a soybean/maize succession system. The forage grasses were established during the soybean R6–R7 stage. Compared with Congo grass, Xaraes palisadegrass, Mombaça guinea grass and Tamani guinea grass produced more biomass and equivalent amounts of fertilizer returned to the soil and resulted in greater nutrient cycling, indicating the benefits of these grasses for use as mulch in integrated production systems. Maize had a greater C/N ratio, but the forage grasses also exhibited high potential by protecting the soil until the end of the soybean development cycle. The use of an integrated crop–livestock system combined with a forage cropping system provided greater soil nutrient cycling than the maize cropping system did, which resulted in increased soybean yields, thus contributing to the sustainability of agricultural systems.

中文翻译：

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作物-牲畜综合系统和第二季玉米系统与大豆连续种植的臂状和穗状花序最大

由于其对维持碳储量、土壤氮和后续作物养分循环的贡献，综合系统对于农业保护变得越来越重要。因此，本研究的目的是评估生物量产量和总养分在腕部spp. 和大麦穗在作物-牲畜综合系统和第二季玉米演替系统中用作覆盖物的牧草和大豆产量。处理包括以下种植系统：Xaraes 栅栏草与大豆间作、刚果草与大豆间作、蒙巴萨珍珠草与大豆间作、塔马尼珍珠草与大豆间作和大豆/玉米继承系统。饲草是在大豆 R6-R7 阶段建立的。与刚果草相比，Xaraes Palisadegrass、Mombaça 几内亚草和 Tamani 几内亚草产生了更多的生物量和等量的肥料返回土壤并导致更大的养分循环，表明这些草在综合生产系统中用作覆盖物的好处。玉米具有较大的 C/N 比，但是，在大豆发育周期结束之前，牧草也表现出很高的潜力，可以保护土壤。与玉米种植系统相比，使用综合作物-牲畜系统和牧草种植系统可提供更大的土壤养分循环，从而提高大豆产量，从而有助于农业系统的可持续性。