Okadaic acid-group (OA-group) is a set of lipophilic toxins produced only in seawater by species of the Dinophysis and Prorocentrum genera, and characterized globally by being associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs). The diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxins okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1) are the most prevalent toxic analogues making up the OA-group, which jeopardize environmental safety and human health through consumption of hydrobiological organisms contaminated with these toxins that produce diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) syndrome in humans. Consequently, a regulatory limit of 160 μg of OA-group/kg was established for marine resources (bivalves). The aim of this study was to investigate effects varying concentrations of 1–15 μg/ml OA or DTX-1 on toxicity, development, and oxidative damage in zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio). After determining the lethal concentration 50 (LC₅₀) in zebrafish larvae of 10 and 7 μg/ml (24 h) and effective concentration 50 (EC₅₀) of 8 and 6 μg/ml (24 h), different concentrations (5, 6.5, or 8 μg/ml of OA and 4, 4.5, or 6 μg/ml of DTX-1) were used to examine the effects of these toxins on oxidative damage to larvae at different time points between 24 and 120 hpf. Macroscopic evaluation during the exposure period showed alterations in zebrafish including pericardial edema, cyclopia, shortening in the anteroposterior axis, and developmental delay. The activity levels of biochemical biomarkers superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) demonstrated a concentration-dependent decrease while glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) were markedly elevated. In addition, increased levels of oxidative damage (malondialdehyde and carbonyl content) were detected following toxin exposure. Data demonstrate that high concentrations of OA and DTX-1produced pathological damage in the early stages of development <48 h post-fertilization (hpf) associated with oxidative damage.

冈田酸组（OA-group）是一组仅在海水中由Dinophysis和Prorocentrum物种产生的亲脂性毒素属，并通过与有害藻华（HABs）相关联而在全球范围内具有特征。腹泻性贝类中毒毒素冈田酸（OA）和狄诺氏杆菌毒素1（DTX-1）是构成OA组的最普遍的有毒类似物，它们通过食用被这些毒素所污染的水生生物体而危害环境安全和人类健康。人类腹泻性贝类中毒（DSP）综合征。因此，海洋资源（双壳类）的法定限量为OA-group / kg 160μg。这项研究的目的是研究1-15μg/ ml OA或DTX-1的不同浓度对斑马鱼幼虫（Danio rerio）的毒性，发育和氧化损伤的影响。确定致死浓度50（LC ₅₀）在10和7μg/ ml（24小时）和有效浓度50（EC ₅₀）8和6μg/ ml（24小时），使用不同浓度（OA分别为5、6.5或8μg/ ml和DTX-1为4、4.5或6μg/ ml）来检查这些药物的作用毒素在24至120 hpf的不同时间点对幼虫的氧化损伤。暴露期的宏观评估显示斑马鱼的改变，包括心包水肿，眼睑，前后轴缩短和发育延迟。生化生物标志物超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性水平显示出浓度依赖性降低，而谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）明显升高。另外，在毒素暴露后，氧化损伤（丙二醛和羰基含量）水平升高。