Abstract

The paper presents a mass-balance model that simulates the biotic energy flux in the White Sea ecosystem. The model is designed to forecast the annual production of autotrophic organisms, decomposers, and consumers of various orders, including fish and marine mammals. The results are tabulated and include the biotic balance of the sea, i.e., the biomass and production of key groups of hydrobionts and energy fluxes through prey–predator trophic chains. When forecasting bacterioplankton production, it is assumed that bacteria assimilate not only phytoplankton production, but also allochthonous DOM. The production of marine mammals (white whales) forecasted by the model, is close to that calculated from aerial counts of animals and the amount of food consumed by this group. According to the model, the production of the fish community is about 1.2 kcal m^–2 yr^–1. According to the fisheries data, the fish production is about five times less than the predicted value. This is apparently due to significant underestimation of the fish stock in the White Sea, on the basis of which the production of the entire fish community was calculated. According to the forecast, the annual fish catch in the White Sea could be 4 kg/ha (0.4 kcal m^–2 yr^–1), which is very close to that nearly 150 years ago (based on archive data). Currently, fishing in the White Sea has sharply decreased or is poorly accounted for.

中文翻译：

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基于平衡原理的白海生态系统生物能通量建模与重建

摘要

本文提出了一种质量平衡模型，可以模拟白海生态系统中的生物能通量。该模型旨在预测自养生物，分解物和各种订单的消费者（包括鱼类和海洋哺乳动物）的年产量。结果列于表中，包括海洋的生物平衡，即通过猎物—食肉动物的营养链的生物量和关键水合生物群的产生和能量通量。在预测浮游植物产量时，假定细菌不仅吸收浮游植物产量，而且还吸收异源DOM。该模型预测的海洋哺乳动物（白鲸）的产量接近于根据动物的空中计数和该群体消耗的食物量计算出的产量。根据该模型，鱼类群落的产量约为1。^–2年– ^1年。根据渔业数据，鱼类产量约为预测值的五倍。显然，这是由于白海鱼类种群的严重低估，据此计算了整个鱼类群落的产量。根据预测，白海的年度捕捞量可能为4公斤/公顷（0.4 kcal m ^–2 yr ^–1），与近150年前非常接近（基于档案数据）。目前，白海捕鱼已急剧减少或占了很少的比例。