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Multi-locus interactions and the build-up of reproductive isolation.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences ( IF 6.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-13 , DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0543
I Satokangas 1 , S H Martin 2 , H Helanterä 3 , J Saramäki 4 , J Kulmuni 1, 5
Affiliation  

All genes interact with other genes, and their additive effects and epistatic interactions affect an organism's phenotype and fitness. Recent theoretical and empirical work has advanced our understanding of the role of multi-locus interactions in speciation. However, relating different models to one another and to empirical observations is challenging. This review focuses on multi-locus interactions that lead to reproductive isolation (RI) through reduced hybrid fitness. We first review theoretical approaches and show how recent work incorporating a mechanistic understanding of multi-locus interactions recapitulates earlier models, but also makes novel predictions concerning the build-up of RI. These include high variance in the build-up rate of RI among taxa, the emergence of strong incompatibilities producing localized barriers to introgression, and an effect of population size on the build-up of RI. We then review recent experimental approaches to detect multi-locus interactions underlying RI using genomic data. We argue that future studies would benefit from overlapping methods like ancestry disequilibrium scans, genome scans of differentiation and analyses of hybrid gene expression. Finally, we highlight a need for further overlap between theoretical and empirical work, and approaches that predict what kind of patterns multi-locus interactions resulting in incompatibilities will leave in genome-wide polymorphism data.

This article is part of the theme issue ‘Towards the completion of speciation: the evolution of reproductive isolation beyond the first barriers’.



中文翻译:

多位点相互作用和生殖隔离的建立。

所有基因都与其他基因相互作用,它们的累加效应和上位相互作用影响生物体的表型和适应性。最近的理论和实证工作促进了我们对多位点相互作用在物种形成中的作用的理解。然而,将不同的模型相互关联并与经验观察相关联是具有挑战性的。本综述侧重于通过降低杂交适应性导致生殖隔离 (RI) 的多位点相互作用。我们首先回顾了理论方法,并展示了最近的工作如何结合对多位点相互作用的机械理解来概括早期模型,但也对 RI 的建立做出新的预测。这些包括分类群之间 RI 建立率的高差异,强烈不相容性的出现对基因渗入产生局部障碍,以及种群规模对 RI 积累的影响。然后,我们回顾了最近使用基因组数据检测 RI 基础上的多位点相互作用的实验方法。我们认为未来的研究将受益于重叠的方法,如祖先不平衡扫描、分化的基因组扫描和杂交基因表达的分析。最后,我们强调理论和实证工作之间需要进一步重叠,以及预测导致不相容性的多基因座相互作用模式将在全基因组多态性数据中留下什么样的模式的方法。我们认为未来的研究将受益于重叠的方法,如祖先不平衡扫描、分化的基因组扫描和杂交基因表达的分析。最后,我们强调理论和实证工作之间需要进一步重叠,以及预测导致不相容性的多基因座相互作用模式将在全基因组多态性数据中留下什么样的模式的方法。我们认为未来的研究将受益于重叠的方法,如祖先不平衡扫描、分化的基因组扫描和杂交基因表达的分析。最后,我们强调理论和实证工作之间需要进一步重叠,以及预测导致不相容性的多基因座相互作用模式将在全基因组多态性数据中留下什么样的模式的方法。

这篇文章是主题问题“走向物种形成的完成:超越第一道障碍的生殖隔离的进化”的一部分。

更新日期:2020-07-20
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