The antigens used in vaccines are usually attenuated or inactivated microorganisms, toxoids or purified particles. The purified particles have a better biosecurity but their capacity to generate an immune response is low, therefore vaccines include adjuvants that seek to improve immunogenicity. Unfortunately, adjuvants have side effects so only aluminum salts
are currently used as adjuvants. So that this work evaluated an adjuvant of garlic extracts, a plant with immunomodulatory properties, in mice immunized with ovalbumin. To formulate the adjuvant, biotoxicity and cytotoxicity assays with a model of Artemia salina and haemolytic activity were considered respectively. A qualitative phytochemical analysis and
quantification of phenolic compounds were carried out and in the immunization scheme 100 μg of antigen with adjuvant were administered at day 1, 50 and 100 μg of antigen on days 14 and 28 respectively. The sacrifice of the animals was done on day 30. Leukocytes and γ globulins were quantified at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. A lethal dose 50% of 1430 μg/mL was calculated for the Garlic extracts, a haemolytic activity of 2.66% and 7.53% was observed (p<0.05) for the concentrations of 10 and 100 μg/mL. And it was only possible to identify the presence of tannins in the aqueous extract of Garlic. With the results obtained, significant differences were observed in leukocyte counts and concentration of γ
globulins at the end of the immunization scheme (p<0.05). Concluding that the results with the adjuvant of Garlic at 10 μg/mL concentration were comparable to those found with the adjuvant of aluminum salts.


中文翻译：

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大蒜提取物（大蒜）对卵清蛋白免疫小鼠的γ球蛋白产生的辅助作用

疫苗中使用的抗原通常是减毒或灭活的微生物，类毒素或纯化的颗粒。纯化的颗粒具有更好的生物安全性，但它们产生免疫反应的能力很低，因此疫苗中包含佐剂，旨在提高免疫原性。不幸的是，佐剂具有副作用，因此
目前仅将铝盐用作佐剂。因此，这项工作在用卵白蛋白免疫的小鼠中评估了大蒜提取物（一种具有免疫调节特性的植物）的佐剂。为了配制佐剂，分别考虑了用卤虫和溶血活性模型的生物毒性和细胞毒性测定。定性植物化学分析和
对酚类化合物进行定量，在免疫方案中，在第1天，第50天和第28天分别给予100μg抗原和佐剂，分别给予50和100μg抗原。在第30天处死动物。在实验的开始和结束时定量白细胞和γ球蛋白。大蒜提取物的致死剂量为50％，为1430μg/ mL，浓度为10和100μg/ mL时，溶血活性为2.66％和7.53％（p <0.05）。而且，只有在大蒜的水提物中才能鉴定出单宁的存在。根据获得的结果，观察到白细胞计数和γ浓度存在显着差异。
免疫方案结束时的球蛋白（p <0.05）。结论是在10μg/ mL浓度的大蒜佐剂中得到的结果与铝盐佐剂中发现的结果相当。