Background

Calcium homeostasis and immuno-endocrine system undergoes drastic changes in peripartum dairy animals and failure to adapt these physiological changes causes major impact on animal health as well as productivity. Boron (B), a newer trace element, influences calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) metabolism as well as immune system by manipulating several hormones or enzyme systems. Present study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary B supplementation on Ca homeostasis, bone metabolism, endocrine and antioxidant status in peripartum Murrah buffaloes.

Methods

Thirty advanced pregnant Murrah buffaloes (8th month pregnant) were allocated into three groups based on their most probable producing ability (MPPA) and parity (n = 10 in each group) viz. B0, B200 and B400 and supplemented with 0, 200 and 400 ppm of B in the form of boric acid. Blood samples were collected at periodic intervals (-45, -30, -21, -15, -7, 0, 7, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 day relative to expected date of calving) and analysed for minerals concentration, hormonal profile, bone health biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes.

Results and conclusion

Boron supplementation at 200 and 400 ppm increased (p < 0.05) plasma Ca, Mg and osteocalcin (OCN) concentration during postpartum stage. Higher (p < 0.05) levels of plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D₃ were observed in both B supplemented groups as compared to B unsupplemented group irrespective of physiological stages. Plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) and cortisol levels were lower (p < 0.05) in both B supplemented groups than B unsupplemented group, especially during postpartum stage. Whereas, plasma ferric reducing total antioxidant power (FRAP) activity was found to be higher (p < 0.05) in B supplemented groups as compared to B unsupplemented group. Furthermore, antioxidant enzymes (erythrocytic superoxide dismutase; SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase; GPx), plasma level of total immunoglobulins (TIg), bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) remained unaffected by dietary B supplementation. Overall, it can be concluded that supplementation of B at 200 ppm in the diet of peripartum Murrah buffaloes helped to induce metabolic adaptations for improving Ca homeostasis, bone metabolism and antioxidant status without much additional benefits at higher level used in the present study.

中文翻译：

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围产期 Murrah 水牛的硼补充：对钙稳态、骨代谢、内分泌和抗氧化状态的影响。

背景

围产期奶牛的钙稳态和免疫内分泌系统发生剧烈变化，未能适应这些生理变化会对动物健康和生产力产生重大影响。硼 (B) 是一种较新的微量元素，通过操纵多种激素或酶系统影响钙 (Ca)、磷 (P) 和镁 (Mg) 代谢以及免疫系统。本研究旨在确定膳食 B 补充剂对围产期墨拉水牛 Ca 稳态、骨代谢、内分泌和抗氧化状态的影响。

方法

根据最可能的生产能力 (MPPA) 和胎次（每组 n = 10），将 30 头晚期怀孕的 Murrah 水牛（怀孕 8 个月）分为三组。B0、B200 和 B400，并补充有 0、200 和 400 ppm 的硼酸形式的 B。定期收集血液样本（相对于预期产犊日期 -45、-30、-21、-15、-7、0、7、15、30、60、90 和 120 天）并分析矿物质浓度，激素概况、骨骼健康生物标志物和抗氧化酶。

结果与结论

在产后阶段，补充 200 和 400 ppm 的硼会增加（p < 0.05）血浆钙、镁和骨钙素 (OCN) 浓度。血浆 25-羟基维生素 D ₃水平较高 (p < 0.05)无论生理阶段如何，与未补充 B 组相比，在两个补充 B 组中均观察到。两个补充 B 组的血浆甲状旁腺激素 (PTH) 和皮质醇水平均低于未补充 B 组 (p < 0.05)，尤其是在产后阶段。然而，与未补充 B 组相比，B 补充组的血浆铁降低总抗氧化能力 (FRAP) 活性更高 (p < 0.05)。此外，抗氧化酶（红细胞超氧化物歧化酶；SOD、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶；GPx）、血浆总免疫球蛋白水平 (TIg)、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶 (BALP) 和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶 (TRAP) 不受膳食 B 补充剂的影响。总体，