In this research, Bayer red mud (RM) and coal gangue (CG) bend with a ratio of 8:2 was prepared as a geopolymer precursor (RG) through mechanochemistry-alkali activation. It was used for municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash solidification/stabilization (S/S). TCLP test, sequential extraction test, long-term immersion test and compressive strength test were used to evaluate the effectiveness and stability of the geopolymer S/S regent. Meanwhile, XRD, SEM–EDS and FTIR were applied for characterization of the geopolymer S/S solid samples. The results showed that more than 99.6% of the heavy metals in geopolymer S/S solid could be immobilized when the RG content exceeded 60%. The S/S effectiveness decreased in the order of Pb > Zn > Cr > Cd. Total content of heavy metals controlled the TCLP leaching behavior, while the availability and diffusivity of heavy metals controlled the long-term leaching behavior. According to XRD results, the MSWI FA can participate in the hydration process to generate Ca-based and Al/Si-based products, thus has double effects to the geopolymerization. In consequence, most heavy metals in the geopolymeric S/S solid were successfully immobilized in the hydration phases and geopolymer structure, transformed from the available fractions into the stable fractions, and the long-term security of heavy metals in RM–CG–MSWI FA ternary system geopolymer was safe.

在这项研究中，通过机械化学-碱活化法制备了比例为8：2的拜耳赤泥（RM）和煤石（CG）弯管作为地聚合物前体（RG）。它用于城市垃圾焚烧（MSWI）粉煤灰的固化/稳定化（S / S）。TCLP测试，顺序萃取测试，长期浸泡测试和抗压强度测试用于评估地质聚合物S / S试剂的有效性和稳定性。同时，XRD，SEM-EDS和FTIR被用于表征地质聚合物S / S固体样品。结果表明，当RG含量超过60％时，地聚合物S / S固体中99.6％以上的重金属可以被固定。S / S效果按Pb> Zn> Cr> Cd的顺序降低。重金属的总含量控制了TCLP的浸出行为，重金属的有效性和扩散性控制着长期的浸出行为。根据XRD的结果，MSWI FA可以参与水化过程以生成Ca基和Al / Si基产品，从而对地质聚合产生双重影响。因此，地聚合物S / S固体中的大多数重金属都成功地固定在水合相和地聚合物结构中，从可用馏分转变为稳定馏分，并且RM–CG–MSWI FA中重金属的长期安全性三元体系地聚合物是安全的。