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The Dynamics of Openness and the Role of User Communities: A Case Study in the Ecosystem of Open Source Gaming Handhelds
IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 , DOI: 10.1109/tem.2019.2897900
Michael A. Zaggl , Tim G. Schweisfurth , Cornelius Herstatt

To remain competitive, it is critical for firms to integrate external sources of knowledge. However, finding the right degree of openness is challenging, especially in complex open innovation ecosystems. The interdependencies and dynamics related to the choice of openness are not well-understood. This paper investigates the role of openness as a competitive mechanism. Specifically, we research how openness affects firms’ interactions with user communities and how it changes the preference structure of customers. We build a longitudinal case study in the open source gaming handheld industry and trace the evolution and the dynamics of firms, user communities, and their interactions. We find that a suboptimal level of openness can pose a threat to a firm's very existence. Further, we identify repeated patterns characterizing the dynamics in the ecosystem. Based on these patterns, we propose a framework of the dynamics of openness. Our paper contributes to the literature on open innovation. We illuminate the relevance and the dynamics of openness as a dimension for competition. This paper also contributes to the literature on user innovation by showing a shift from manufacturer-based to user-based innovation over the course of the product lifecycle.

中文翻译:

开放的动态和用户社区的作用:开源游戏手持设备生态系统中的案例研究

为了保持竞争力,企业整合外部知识来源至关重要。然而,找到合适的开放程度具有挑战性,尤其是在复杂的开放创新生态系统中。与选择开放性相关的相互依存关系和动态尚未得到很好的理解。本文研究了开放作为一种竞争机制的作用。具体而言,我们研究开放性如何影响企业与用户社区的互动以及它如何改变客户的偏好结构。我们在开源游戏手持设备行业建立了一个纵向案例研究,并追踪了公司、用户社区及其互动的演变和动态。我们发现,次优的开放程度会对公司的生存构成威胁。更多,我们确定了表征生态系统动态的重复模式。基于这些模式,我们提出了一个开放动态框架。我们的论文对开放式创新的文献做出了贡献。我们阐明了开放性作为竞争维度的相关性和动态性。本文还通过展示在产品生命周期过程中从基于制造商的创新到基于用户的创新的转变,为有关用户创新的文献做出了贡献。
更新日期:2020-08-01
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