Pulse and glide (PnG) is a driving strategy that controls vehicles in a more fuel-efficient way than driving at a constant speed does. It can be applied by the driver or, which is more likely, by an automated system with autonomy level one or higher. During the pulse phase, the vehicle is accelerated to operate the combustion engine and transmission at higher efficiency. During the following glide phase, the vehicle decelerates and the engine is decoupled from the drive train. The optimal pulse and glide strategy – as addressed in previous studies – implies high acceleration values and abrupt transitions between pulse and glide, which both degrade the ride comfort. A driveability study on PnG conducted recently identified that the acceleration, the jerk during the transitions and the duration of the glide phase have to be limited to reach the desired level of ride comfort. Thresholds have been derived for a level-eight calibration, i.e. a PnG operation that is noticeable only to skeptical customers. We use the results of the study to also provide thresholds for a level-seven calibration, i.e. a PnG operation that is noticeable to all customers without being disturbing. Subsequently, we establish a correlation between ride comfort and fuel consumption by comparing the fuel savings of three different driveability calibrations: level eight, level seven and a calibration without driveability constraints. The simulations are performed for a D-segment vehicle and two different gasoline engines. With reference to constant speed, the fuel savings of the level-seven calibration are larger than 30% below 40 km/h, decreasing gradually with increasing speed. They are around ten percent higher than those of the level-eight calibration and only a few percent lower than those of a PnG operation without driveability constraints. Hence, the level-seven calibration can nearly exploit the maximal fuel-saving potential of PnG, and, as it is not disturbing, should be considered for practical applications of PnG. The PnG strategy can be applied to any vehicle equipped with a combustion engine that features the engine-off functionality, which is the case for mild and full hybrids and for some micro hybrids. However, considering that the benefit of PnG increases with increasing engine size, the fuel saving potential of PnG is highest for micro and mild hybrids as these vehicles are commonly equipped with larger engines than full hybrids.

中文翻译：

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脉冲滑行驾驶策略油耗与乘坐舒适性权衡分析

脉冲和滑行 (PnG) 是一种驾驶策略，它以比恒速驾驶更省油的方式控制车辆。它可以由驾驶员应用，或者更有可能由具有一级或更高自主级别的自动化系统应用。在脉冲阶段，车辆加速以更高效率运行内燃机和变速器。在接下来的滑行阶段，车辆减速，发动机与传动系分离。最佳脉冲和滑行策略（如之前的研究中所述）意味着高加速度值和脉冲和滑行之间的突然转换，这都会降低乘坐舒适性。最近对 PnG 进行的驾驶性能研究发现，加速度、必须限制过渡期间的颠簸和滑行阶段的持续时间，以达到所需的乘坐舒适度。已经为八级校准导出了阈值，即只有持怀疑态度的客户才会注意到的 PnG 操作。我们还使用研究结果为七级校准提供阈值，即所有客户都可以注意到而不会打扰的 PnG 操作。随后，我们通过比较三种不同驾驶性能校准的节油量来建立乘坐舒适性和油耗之间的相关性：八级、七级和没有驾驶性能限制的校准。模拟是针对 D 级车辆和两种不同的汽油发动机进行的。参考恒速，在40km/h以下，七级标定节油大于30%，随着车速的增加逐渐减少。它们比 8 级校准的高约 10%，仅比没有驾驶性能限制的 PnG 操作低几个百分点。因此，七级校准几乎可以利用 PnG 的最大节油潜力，并且由于它没有干扰，因此应考虑用于 PnG 的实际应用。PnG 策略可应用于配备具有发动机关闭功能的内燃机的任何车辆，轻度和全混合动力车以及一些微型混合动力车就是这种情况。然而，考虑到 PnG 的好处随着发动机尺寸的增加而增加，