Previous studies have indicated that estrogen may delay disease progression and minimize the cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the evidence for an estrogen deficiency in women with dementia and cognitive dysfunction is inconsistent. In the present review, a fixed effect meta-analysis revealed that the hormone replacement therapy (HRT) group exhibited significant improvements in Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale scores relative to those observed in the placebo group, suggesting that HRT is feasible for treating cognitive decline in patients with AD. However, no significant differences in Mini-Mental State Examination and Clinical Dementia Rating scale scores were observed between the 2 groups. The results of our systematic review indicate that HRT can improve cognitive function in female patients with AD. Due to limitations in sample size and the available literature, further multicenter trials with larger sample sizes are required to support these findings.

先前的研究表明，雌激素可延缓阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）患者的疾病进展并最大程度地降低其认知能力下降。但是，患有痴呆和认知功能障碍的女性中雌激素缺乏的证据并不一致。在本综述中，一项固定作用的荟萃分析显示，与安慰剂组相比，激素替代疗法（HRT）组在阿尔茨海默病评估量表-认知子量表得分上有显着改善，这表明HRT在治疗认知障碍方面是可行的AD患者下降。然而，两组之间在小精神状态检查和临床痴呆评定量表得分上没有显着差异。我们系统评价的结果表明，HRT可以改善女性AD患者的认知功能。由于样本量和可用文献的限制，需要更多的更大样本量的多中心试验来支持这些发现。