Microbial translocation has been suggested as a major driver of chronic immune activation HIV infection. Thus, we compared the extent of microbial translocation in patients with acute HIV infection and patients followed after CD4-guided structured treatment interruption (STI) by measuring different circulating markers: (1) lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP), (2) bacterial DNA, (3) soluble CD14 (sCD14), and (4) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Bacterial DNA and sCD14 levels were similar in all groups. Patients in acute phase showed higher levels of LBP and mtDNA. In STI, we found a positive correlation between the percentage of CD8+ T cells and bacterial DNA levels. Considering all patients, LBP was positively correlated with the percentage and the absolute count of CD8+ T cells, and with mtDNA stressing the importance of mitochondrial products in sustaining chronic immune activation.

中文翻译：

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在急性人类免疫缺陷病毒感染中，循环线粒体 DNA 和脂多糖结合蛋白但不是细菌 DNA 增加。

微生物易位已被认为是慢性免疫激活 HIV 感染的主要驱动因素。因此，我们通过测量不同的循环标志物比较了急性 HIV 感染患者和 CD4 引导的结构化治疗中断 (STI) 后随访患者的微生物易位程度：(1) 脂多糖 (LPS) 结合蛋白 (LBP)，(2 ) 细菌 DNA，(3) 可溶性 CD14 (sCD14)，和 (4) 线粒体 DNA (mtDNA)。所有组的细菌 DNA 和 sCD14 水平相似。急性期患者的 LBP 和 mtDNA 水平较高。在 STI 中，我们发现 CD8+ T 细胞的百分比与细菌 DNA 水平之间呈正相关。考虑到所有患者，LBP 与 CD8+ T 细胞的百分比和绝对计数呈正相关，