This study searched for sociodemographic influences on visual memory and visuoconstructive ability in healthy and clinical samples evaluated with Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT) in two studies. In Study 1, we searched for changes related to age in children, adolescents, adults and elderly on the performance of the BVRT. In Study 2, we investigated the relations among age, years of education and intellectual quotient (IQ) on the performance of the BVRT using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Participants were 624 individuals aged between six and 89 years old (M = 25.40; SD = 22.34) from the normatization and evidence validity studies at Brazil. We used a sociodemographic questionnaire, BVRT and IQ measure was estimated. Study 1 has shown a performance similar to the developmental graphics with a U-inverted pattern in relation to age: An increase of the visual memory ability in the children and adolescent groups as age increases, a tendency of a decrease in the performance in the adult group that intensifies in the elderly group. Study 2 found that the model for the BVRT performance tested by SEM denoted satisfactory goodness-of-fit indexes, χ2/gl = 2.67, p < .001; CFI = .92; TLI = .93; RMSEA = .004, 90% CI = [.03, .05];WLSMV = 1.79, and corroborated the theoretical assumption. The SEM model confirmed in this study highlight the strong role of years of education in the prediction of BVRT scores.

中文翻译：

---

年龄、教育和智商影响：本顿视觉保留测试 (BVRT) 研究的结构方程建模

本研究在两项研究中用 Benton 视觉保留测试 (BVRT) 评估了健康和临床样本中的视觉记忆和视觉构建能力的社会人口学影响。在研究 1 中，我们搜索了与年龄相关的儿童、青少年、成人和老年人 BVRT 表现的变化。在研究 2 中，我们使用结构方程模型 (SEM) 研究了年龄、受教育年限和智商 (IQ) 对 BVRT 性能的关系。参与者为 624 名年龄在 6 至 89 岁之间的人（米= 25.40;标清= 22.34）来自巴西的规范化和证据有效性研究。我们使用了社会人口学问卷，估计了 BVRT 和 IQ 测量值。研究 1 显示了与年龄相关的具有 U 型倒置模式的发育图形的性能：随着年龄的增长，儿童和青少年群体的视觉记忆能力增加，成人的表现趋于下降在老年组中加强的组。研究 2 发现，通过 SEM 测试的 BVRT 性能模型表示令人满意的拟合优度指数，χ2/升= 2.67,p< .001; CFI = .92；TLI = .93; RMSEA = .004, 90% CI = [.03, .05];WLSMV = 1.79，证实了理论假设。本研究证实的 SEM 模型突出了教育年限在预测 BVRT 分数中的重要作用。