A 2-year fertilization experiment was conducted to study the effect of different ratios of organic (pig) manure on wheat yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). The four treatments were no nitrogen (N) (CK); 100% chemical fertilizer N (urea; T1); 70% chemical fertilizer N + 30% organic manure N (T2) and 50% chemical fertilizer N + 50% organic manure N (T3), with the same amount of applied nitrogen (120 kg/ha). The results showed the maximum grain yield (3049 kg/ha), crop nitrogen uptake (216 kg/ha), NUE (65.4%) and accumulated nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N in 0–200 cm, 142 kg/ha) were observed in the T1 among all treatments in the first year. However, the largest grain yield (5074 kg/ha), crop nitrogen uptake (244 kg/ha) and NUE (82.5%) were under T2 treatment in the second year. Furthermore, T2 had the maximum NO3−-N content in 0–100 cm layer (116 kg/ha), especially 0–40 cm layer, and the lowest NO3−-N content in 100–200 cm (58.8 kg/ha). However, 50% organic manure N in T3 increased apparent nitrogen loss by 39.0% compared to that in T2. Therefore, 30% organic manure N application was more conducive for enhancing wheat yield and NUE and promoting environmental safety after 1-year fertilization time.

中文翻译：

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有机肥替代化肥氮肥及其氮素利用效率与冬小麦产量比较

开展为期2年的施肥试验，研究不同有机肥（猪）肥配比对小麦产量和氮素利用效率（NUE）的影响。四个处理均无氮（N）（CK）；100%化肥N（尿素；T1）；70% 化肥 N + 30% 有机肥 N (T2) 和 50% 化肥 N + 50% 有机肥 N (T3)，施氮量相同（120 公斤/公顷）。结果显示最大粮食产量（3049 kg/ha）、作物氮吸收（216 kg/ha）、NUE（65.4%）和累积的硝酸盐氮（NO3--N in 0-200 cm, 142 kg/ha) 在第一年的所有处理中的 T1 中观察到。然而，最大的粮食产量（5074 公斤/公顷）、作物氮吸收（244 公斤/公顷）和 NUE（82.5%）在第二年处于 T2 处理。此外，T2 具有最大 NO3-- 0-100 cm 层（116 kg/ha），尤其是 0-40 cm 层中的 N 含量，以及最低的 NO3-- 100–200 cm (58.8 kg/ha) 的氮含量。然而，与 T2 相比，T3 中 50% 的有机肥 N 增加了 39.0% 的表观氮损失。因此，施肥1年后，施30%有机肥N更有利于提高小麦产量和NUE，促进环境安全。