ABSTRACT Hallux valgus (HV) is a foot deformity with deviation of the greater toe and the first metatarsal. There is little evidence on training the abductor hallucis muscle (AbdH) to treat HV because of the difficulty in implementing the necessary interventions. Although neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been used to induce voluntary exercise, there is currently no study on NMES for AbdH. We aimed to verify the immediate effect of NMES on the AbdH muscle function. For the NMES group (n = 15), electrical stimulation was applied for 20 min. In the sham group (n = 15), the stimulating device was set but not turned on. Electromyogram, HV angle (HVA) at rest and during abduction of the big toe, and strength of the AbdH were evaluated. Analysis of covariance was used to investigate differences within groups using the baseline as the covariate. NMES significantly improved the maximal voluntary isometric contractions (%MVIC), HVA at exercise, and muscle strength (%MVIC: p = .00, HVA exercise: p = .00, AbdH strength: p = .00). HVA at rest showed no change (p = .12). Application of NMES on the AbdH muscle immediately improved its activity output, muscle strength, and HVA during exercise.

中文翻译：

---

神经肌肉电刺激对拇外展肌的即时效应：一项随机对照试验

摘要 拇外翻（HV）是一种足部畸形，伴有大脚趾和第一跖骨的偏差。由于难以实施必要的干预措施，几乎没有证据表明训练拇外展肌 (AbdH) 来治疗 HV。尽管神经肌肉电刺激 (NMES) 已被用于诱导自愿运动，但目前还没有关于 NMES 治疗 AbdH 的研究。我们旨在验证 NMES 对 AbdH 肌肉功能的直接影响。对于 NMES 组 (n = 15), 电刺激应用 20 分钟。在假手术组（n = 15）中，刺激装置已设置但未开启。评估了肌电图、静止和大脚趾外展期间的 HV 角 (HVA) 和 AbdH 的强度。协方差分析用于使用基线作为协变量调查组内的差异。NMES 显着改善了最大自愿等长收缩 (%MVIC)、运动时的 HVA 和肌肉力量（%MVIC：p = .00，HVA 运动：p = .00，AbdH 强度：p = .00）。静息状态下的 HVA 没有变化（p = .12）。NMES 在 AbdH 肌肉上的应用立即改善了运动过程中的活动输出、肌肉力量和 HVA。