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Concentrations of Essential Trace Metals in the Brain of Animal Species-A Comparative Study.
Brain Sciences ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-17 , DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10070460
Chiara Alessia DeBenedictis 1, 2 , Andrea Raab 3, 4, 5 , Ellen Ducie 1 , Shauna Howley 1 , Joerg Feldmann 3, 4, 5 , Andreas Martin Grabrucker 1, 2, 6
Affiliation  

The essential trace metals iron, zinc, and copper have a significant physiological role in healthy brain development and function. Especially zinc is important for neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, synaptic transmission and plasticity, and neurite outgrowth. Given the key role of trace metals in many cellular processes, it is important to maintain adequate levels in the brain. However, the physiological concentration of trace metals, and in particular zinc, in the human and animal brain is not well described so far. For example, little is known about the trace metal content of the brain of animals outside the class of mammals. Here, we report the concentration of iron, zinc, and copper in fresh brain tissue of different model-species of the phyla Chordata (vertebrates (mammals, fish)), Annelida, Arthropoda (insects), and Mollusca (snails), using inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS). Our results show that the trace metals are present in the nervous system of all species and that significant differences can be detected between species of different phyla. We further show that a region-specific distribution of metals within the nervous system already exists in earthworms, hinting at a tightly controlled metal distribution. In line with this, the trace metal content of the brain of different species does not simply correlate with brain size. We conclude that although the functional consequences of the controlled metal homeostasis within the brain of many species remains elusive, trace metal biology may not only play an important role in the nervous system of mammals but across the whole animal kingdom.

中文翻译:

动物物种大脑中必需微量金属的浓度-比较研究。

必需的微量金属铁,锌和铜在健康的大脑发育和功能中具有重要的生理作用。尤其是锌对于神经发生,突触形成,突触传递和可塑性以及神经突生长很重要。鉴于痕量金属在许多细胞过程中的关键作用,保持大脑中足够的水平非常重要。然而,到目前为止,关于人和动物脑中微量金属尤其是锌的生理浓度还没有很好的描述。例如,对于哺乳动物以外的动物的大脑中的微量金属含量知之甚少。在这里,我们报告了Chordata种类(脊椎动物(哺乳动物,鱼类)),Annelida,节肢动物(昆虫)和软体动物(蜗牛)的不同模型物种的新鲜脑组织中铁,锌和铜的浓度,使用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)。我们的结果表明,所有物种的神经系统中都存在痕量金属,并且在不同门的物种之间可以检测到显着差异。我们进一步表明,earth中神经系统内金属的特定区域分布已经存在,这表明金属分布受到严格控制。与此相符,不同物种的大脑中的痕量金属含量并不简单地与大脑大小相关。我们得出结论,尽管许多物种的大脑内受控金属稳态的功能后果仍然难以捉摸,但微量金属生物学不仅可能在哺乳动物的神经系统中发挥重要作用,而且在整个动物界中也起着重要作用。我们的结果表明,所有物种的神经系统中都存在痕量金属,并且在不同门的物种之间可以检测到显着差异。我们进一步表明,earth中神经系统内金属的特定区域分布已经存在,这表明金属分布受到严格控制。与此相符,不同物种的大脑中的痕量金属含量并不简单地与大脑大小相关。我们得出结论,尽管许多物种的大脑内受控金属稳态的功能后果仍然难以捉摸,但微量金属生物学不仅可能在哺乳动物的神经系统中发挥重要作用,而且在整个动物界中也起着重要作用。我们的结果表明,所有物种的神经系统中都存在痕量金属,并且在不同门的物种之间可以检测到显着差异。我们进一步表明,earth中神经系统内金属的特定区域分布已经存在,这表明金属分布受到严格控制。与此相符,不同物种的大脑中的痕量金属含量并不简单地与大脑大小相关。我们得出结论,尽管许多物种的大脑内受控金属稳态的功能后果仍然难以捉摸,但微量金属生物学不仅可能在哺乳动物的神经系统中发挥重要作用,而且在整个动物界中也起着重要作用。
更新日期:2020-07-17
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